Ultrafine organic aerosol particles inhaled by mice at low doses remain in lungs more than half a year

Abstract

Experimental results of the second series of experiments on the penetration of monodisperse polymeric particles, inhaled at low dose by mice, to different organs using direct way of particle registration, based on the ultra‐sensitive accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS), are presented. Polystyrene (PS) beads, composed of radiocarbon‐labeled styrene, were produced for testing them as model organic aerosols. Mice inhaled 14C‐PS aerosol of 3·105 ultrafine particles per 1 cm3 for 30 minutes every day during 5 days. Long‐term investigation showed that PS ultrafine particles have been effectively accumulated in lungs with the maximum content in the fifth day of postexposure, and have also appeared in liver on the fifth day of exposure and in the brain on the 30th day of experiments. No particles have been detected in kidneys, spleen, and excrements. Thirty‐five millions of particles remained in the lungs after half a year of postexposure showing extremely slow removal of such particles from the organ.

Pro-resolving Lipid Mediators Within Brain Esterified Lipid Pools are Reduced in Female Rats Chronically Exposed to Traffic-Related Air Pollution or Genetically Susceptible to Alzheimer’s Disease Phenotype

“…Another limitation is that the animals were moved from the exposure tunnel to the UC Davis main campus vivarium for 23 days (for MRI/PET imaging) prior to euthanasia. This exposure-free period is unlikely to change the outcome of the present study as it is known that PM and various dust elements accumulate and reside in the brain for a few months post-exposure [60–63]. A third limitation is that we did not assess vulnerabilities in esterified oxylipins in different brain regions and at earlier time-points.…”

Chronic exposure to traffic-related air pollution reduces lipid mediators of linoleic acid and soluble epoxide hydrolase in serum of female rats

“…First, PM and various dust elements are known to accumulate in tissues (Leffler et al, 1984;Patten et al, 2020), and reside there for up to 6 months (e.g. lungs) after the initial exposure is removed (Parkhomchuk et al, 2016;Parkhomchuk et al, 2019). This means that TRAP-related effects are likely to persist even after J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f 17 the exposure is removed, consistent with studies showing that acute exposure to PM causes longlasting (order of weeks) effects on lung inflammatory pathways in rats (Kodavanti et al, 2002).…”

Systematic review of microplastics and nanoplastics in indoor and outdoor air: identifying a framework and data needs for quantifying human inhalation exposures

“…The scope of inclusion criteria for full text review was limited to papers that gave dose or concentration of MPs in air. After screening full text literature, 61 papers were included for data extraction separated into three categories based off of data for exposure calculations: Human Exposure and Outcomes [6,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33], Environmental Studies [6,12,, and Animal Models [7,8,[66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76] (Fig. 1).…”