Ultrafast Transmission Electron Microscopy: Techniques and
                    Applications

Montgomery, Eric; Leonhardt, D.; Roehling, John D.

doi:10.1017/s1551929521001140

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, the sample is illuminated with a laser pulse referred to as the sample pump beam, with a controlled delay time relative to the electron probe pulse. [288][289][290]308,309 In both single-shot and stroboscopic mode, the TEM column is modified to allow the time-resolved laser access to both electron gun and specimen. However, the employed laser system in single-shot mode and stroboscopic modes are significantly different.…”

Section: Exploring Reversible and Metastable Dynamics Of Quantum Exci...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accelerating Quantum Materials Development with Advances in Transmission Electron Microscopy

Moradifar,

Liu,

Shi

et al. 2023

Chem. Rev.

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Quantum materials are driving a technology revolution in sensing, communication, and computing, while simultaneously testing many core theories of the past century. Materials such as topological insulators, complex oxides, superconductors, quantum dots, color center-hosting semiconductors, and other types of strongly correlated materials can exhibit exotic properties such as edge conductivity, multiferroicity, magnetoresistance, superconductivity, single photon emission, and optical-spin locking. These emergent properties arise and depend strongly on the material’s detailed atomic-scale structure, including atomic defects, dopants, and lattice stacking. In this review, we describe how progress in the field of electron microscopy (EM), including in situ and in operando EM, can accelerate advances in quantum materials and quantum excitations. We begin by describing fundamental EM principles and operation modes. We then discuss various EM methods such as (i) EM spectroscopies, including electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), cathodoluminescence (CL), and electron energy gain spectroscopy (EEGS); (ii) four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM); (iii) dynamic and ultrafast EM (UEM); (iv) complementary ultrafast spectroscopies (UED, XFEL); and (v) atomic electron tomography (AET). We describe how these methods could inform structure–function relations in quantum materials down to the picometer scale and femtosecond time resolution, and how they enable precision positioning of atomic defects and high-resolution manipulation of quantum materials. For each method, we also describe existing limitations to solve open quantum mechanical questions, and how they might be addressed to accelerate progress. Among numerous notable results, our review highlights how EM is enabling identification of the 3D structure of quantum defects; measuring reversible and metastable dynamics of quantum excitations; mapping exciton states and single photon emission; measuring nanoscale thermal transport and coupled excitation dynamics; and measuring the internal electric field and charge density distribution of quantum heterointerfaces- all at the quantum materials’ intrinsic atomic and near atomic-length scale. We conclude by describing open challenges for the future, including achieving stable sample holders for ultralow temperature (below 10K) atomic-scale spatial resolution, stable spectrometers that enable meV energy resolution, and high-resolution, dynamic mapping of magnetic and spin fields. With atomic manipulation and ultrafast characterization enabled by EM, quantum materials will be poised to integrate into many of the sustainable and energy-efficient technologies needed for the 21st century.

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Section: Exploring Reversible and Metastable Dynamics Of Quantum Exci...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…350 Moving forward, UTEM is a powerful research tool with ultrahigh spatiotemporal resolution combined with meV energy resolution and holds great practical significance for understanding and direct visualization of a wide range of quantum phenomena. 290,351…”

Section: Enhancing Temporal and Spatial Resolution For Subcycle Quant...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerating Quantum Materials Development with Advances in Transmission Electron Microscopy

Moradifar,

Liu,

Shi

et al. 2023

Chem. Rev.

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“…A topic related to light-induced research is the idea of ultrafast TEM, in which the sample could be illuminated, with the main advantage of the method being the generation of ultrafast electron beam pulses by photoemission from the electron cathode. This topic has also already been the addressed in several valuable reviews. , …”

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confidence: 93%

“…A relatively poorly understood area is the observation of LSPR effects. , The wider use of pulsed lasers may lead to the observation of not only single-photon but also multi-photon processes in the future. In this case, one should expect an increase not only in classical TEM but also in ultrafast TEM ,, methods. Material processing methods can benefit from the development of photothermal in situ experiments of laser ablation, sintering, and welding .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This topic has also already been the addressed in several valuable reviews. 11,12 Light was, for the first time, unintentionally applied to a TEM sample with the usage of heating stages during other in situ experiments. Above several hundred degrees Celsius, light is emitted from the holder and the sample itself via thermal emission, but its influence has always remained negligible.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Light-Induced In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy─Development, Challenges, and Perspectives

Żak

2022

Nano Lett.

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Transmission electron microscopy is a basic technique used for examining matter at the highest magnification scale available. One of its most challenging branches is in situ microscopy, in which dynamic processes are observed in real time. Among the various stimuli, like strain, temperature, and magnetic or electric fields, the light−matter interaction is rarely observed. However, in recent years, a significant increase in the interest in this technique has been observed. Therefore, I present a summary and critical review of all the in situ experiments performed with light, various technical possibilities for bringing radiation inside the transmission electron microscope, and the most important differences between the effects of light and electrons on the studied matter. Finally, I summarize the most promising directions for further research using light excitation.

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In‐SituTEM

2023

In‐Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy Experiments

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Ultrafast Transmission Electron Microscopy: Techniques and Applications

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Accelerating Quantum Materials Development with Advances in Transmission Electron Microscopy

Accelerating Quantum Materials Development with Advances in Transmission Electron Microscopy

Light-Induced In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy─Development, Challenges, and Perspectives

In‐SituTEM

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