Ultrafast nonlinear optical response of Dirac fermions in graphene

Baudisch, Matthias; Marini, Andrea; Cox, Joel D.; Zhu, Tony; Silva, Francisco; Teichmann, Stephan; Massicotte, Mathieu; Koppens, Frank H. L.; Levitov, L. S.; Abajo, F. Javier García de; Biegert, Jens

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03413-7

Cited by 140 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The initial report of a large optical nonlinearity in graphene was demonstrated in a four‐wave‐mixing experiment using intense near‐IR/visible light pulses, followed by explorations of harmonic generation, the optical Kerr effect, and other four‐wave‐mixing schemes, with reported values of the third‐order nonlinear susceptibility χ (3) ranging from ≈10 −15 –10 −19 m 2 V −2 (≈10 −7 –10 −11 esu in Gaussian units) . The ability to electrically modulate the nonlinear optical response in graphene has recently been demonstrated, along with high‐harmonic generation (HHG) by the carbon monolayer when driven by intense terahertz and mid‐IR light pulses.…”

Section: Nonlinear Graphene Plasmonicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong Light–Matter Interactions Enabled by Polaritons in Atomically Thin Materials

Gonçalves

Stenger

Cox

et al. 2020

Advanced Optical Materials

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Polaritons, resulting from the hybridization of light with polarization charges formed at the boundaries between media with positive and negative dielectric response functions, can focus light into regions much smaller than its associated free‐space wavelength. This property is paramount for a plethora of applications in nanophotonics, ranging from biological sensing to photocatalysis to nonlinear and quantum optics. In the two‐dimensional (2D) limit, represented by atomically thin and van der Waals (vdW) materials of single‐layers bound by weak vdW attraction, polaritons are characterized by extremely small wavelengths associated with extreme optical confinement, and furthermore can exhibit long lifetimes, electrical tunability, and extreme sensitivity to their dielectric environment, among many other desirable qualities in nano‐optical device applications. Here, the fundamentals of polaritons in atomically thin materials are summarized, emphasizing plasmon and exciton polaritons, their strong light–matter interactions, and nonlinear plasmonics. More specifically, this review opens with a pedagogical discussion of plasmons in extended and nanostructured graphene, providing a classical electrodynamical model in a nonretarded theoretical framework, and the ultraconfined acoustic plasmons supported by hybrid graphene–dielectric–metal structures. In addition, the basic principles are introduced and the recent developments on nonlinear graphene plasmonics and on strong coupling physics with atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides are reviewed. Finally, potentially new, promising research directions in the burgeoning field of 2D nanophotonics are identified.

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Section: Nonlinear Graphene Plasmonicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong Light–Matter Interactions Enabled by Polaritons in Atomically Thin Materials

Gonçalves

Stenger

Cox

et al. 2020

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…Current research of HHG in 2D materials has been primarily focused on graphene, [64][65][66][67][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83] the most known prototype atomically thin material. Besides, studies of HHG in silicene, 84 hBN, 68,70 and MoS 2 63,85 have also been reported.…”

Section: Superior Hhg Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong-field nonlinear optical properties of monolayer black phosphorus

Chen

Qin

2019

Nanoscale

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Within the past few years, atomically thin black phosphorus (BP) has been demonstrated as a fascinating new 2D material that is promising for novel nanoelectronics and nanophotonics applications, due to its many unique properties such as direct and widely tunable bandgap, high carrier mobility and remarkable intrinsic in-plane anisotropy.However, its important extreme nonlinear behavior and ultrafast dynamics of carriers under strong-field excitation have yet to be revealed to date. Herein, we report nonperturbative high harmonic generation (HHG) in monolayer BP by first-principles simulations. We show that BP exhibits extraordinary HHG properties, with clear advantages over three major types of 2D materials under intensive study, i.e., semimetallic graphene, semiconducting MoS 2 , and insulating hexagonal boron nitride, in terms of HHG cutoff energy and spectral intensity. This study advances the scope of current research activities of BP into a new regime, suggesting its promising future in applications of extreme-ultraviolet and attosecond nanophotonics, and also opening doors to investigate the strong-field and ultrafast carrier dynamics of this emerging material.1

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“…High-harmonic spectroscopy of condensed matter is an emergent field in strong-field attosecond science, which allows the all-optical probing of structural and dynamical properties [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Topological phases became the focus of research directions such as topological insulators [14][15][16], topological superconductivity [17,18], cold atoms [19], topological photonics [20][21][22], toplogical electronic circuitry [23][24][25], and topological mechanics [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-harmonic generation in Su-Schrieffer-Heeger chains

Jürß

Bauer

2019

Phys. Rev. B

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Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) chains are the simplest model systems that display topological edge states. We calculate high-harmonic spectra of SSH chains that are coupled to an external laser field of a frequency much smaller than the band gap. We find huge differences between the harmonic yield for the two topological phases, similar to recent results obtained with more demanding timedependent density functional calculations [D. Bauer, K.K. Hansen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 177401 (2018)]. This shows that the tight-binding SSH model captures the essential topological aspects of the laser-chain interaction (while higher harmonics involving higher bands or screening in the metal phase are absent). We study the robustness of the topological difference with respect to disorder, a continuous phase transition in position space, and on-site potentials. Further, we address the question whether the edges need to be illuminated by the laser for the huge difference in the harmonic spectra to be present. arXiv:1902.04120v2 [physics.optics]

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Ultrafast nonlinear optical response of Dirac fermions in graphene

Cited by 140 publications

References 37 publications

Strong Light–Matter Interactions Enabled by Polaritons in Atomically Thin Materials

Strong Light–Matter Interactions Enabled by Polaritons in Atomically Thin Materials

Strong-field nonlinear optical properties of monolayer black phosphorus

High-harmonic generation in Su-Schrieffer-Heeger chains

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