Ultrafast multi-slice chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging scheme based on segmented spatiotemporal encoding

Cai, Jizhou; Wu, Jian; Guo, Chenlu; Cai, Shuhui; Cai, Congbo

doi:10.1016/j.mri.2019.04.004

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In terms of the imaging scheme, volumetric imaging is crucial for clinical application and should thus be a point of focus in future studies. Volumetric imaging can be done through either multislice (61,62) or 3D imaging (63)(64)(65). Ideally, the optimal image acquisition method should be fast to accommodate short scan times, but still reserving adequate SNR for accurate APT quantification.…”

Section: Future Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical translation of amide proton transfer (APT) MRI for ischemic stroke: a systematic review (2003–2020)

Foo¹,

Harston²,

Mehndiratta³

et al. 2021

Quant Imaging Med Surg

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Amide proton transfer (APT) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a pH-sensitive imaging technique that can potentially complement existing clinical imaging protocol for the assessment of ischemic stroke. This review aims to summarize the developments in the clinical research of APT imaging of ischemic stroke after 17 years of progress since its first preclinical study in 2003. Three electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for articles reporting clinical studies on APT imaging of ischemic stroke. Only articles in English published between 2003 to 2020 that involved patients presenting ischemic stroke-like symptoms that underwent APT MRI were included. Of 1,093 articles screened, 14 articles met the inclusion criteria with a total of 282 patients that had been scanned using APT imaging. Generally, the clinical studies agreed APT effect to be hypointense in ischemic tissue compared to healthy tissue, allowing for the detection of ischemic stroke. Other uses of APT imaging have also been investigated in the studies, including penumbra identification, predicting long term clinical outcome, and serving as a biomarker for supportive treatment monitoring. The published results demonstrated the potential of APT imaging in these applications, but further investigations and larger trials are needed for conclusive evidence. Future studies are recommended to report the result of asymmetry analysis at 3.5 ppm along with the findings of the study to reduce this contribution to the heterogeneity of experimental methods observed and to facilitate effective comparison of results between studies and centers. In addition, it is important to focus on the development of fast 3D imaging for full volumetric ischemic tissue assessment for clinical translation.

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Section: Future Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical translation of amide proton transfer (APT) MRI for ischemic stroke: a systematic review (2003–2020)

Foo¹,

Harston²,

Mehndiratta³

et al. 2021

Quant Imaging Med Surg

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show abstract

“…In the early in vivo CEST studies, Zhou et al used spin echo EPI to obtain the pH 8 and APT contrast 24 in rat models. Since then, many readout methods related to EPI have been developed 20,24,57,71–73 because of its superior acquisition efficiency, including snapshot EPI 72,73 and spatiotemporal encoding 83,84 . However, fast imaging with EPI readout suffers from susceptibility‐related image distortion 68 and ghosting artifacts from lipid signals, which may interfere with CEST imaging 71 .…”

Section: Acquisition‐oriented Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, many readout methods related to EPI have been developed 20,24,57,[71][72][73] because of its superior acquisition efficiency, including snapshot EPI 72,73 and spatiotemporal encoding. 83,84 However, fast imaging with EPI readout suffers from susceptibility-related image distortion 68 and ghosting artifacts from lipid signals, which may interfere with CEST imaging. 71 In contrast, TSE is less sensitive to susceptibility artifacts and lipid ghosts than EPI.…”

Section: Readout Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquisition sequences and reconstruction methods for fast chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2022

NMR in Biomedicine

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Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging is an emerging molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that has been developed and employed in numerous diseases. Based on the unique saturation transfer principle, a family of CEST-detectable biomolecules in vivo have been found capable of providing valuable diagnostic information. However, CEST MRI needs a relatively long scan time due to the common long saturation labeling module and typical acquisition of multiple frequency offsets and signal averages, limiting its widespread clinical applications. So far, a plethora of imaging schemes and techniques has been developed to accelerate CEST MRI. In this review, the key acquisition and reconstruction methods for fast CEST imaging are summarized from a practical and systematic point of view. The first acquisition sequence section describes the major development of saturation schemes, readout patterns, ultrafast z-spectroscopy, and saturation-editing techniques for rapid CEST imaging. The second reconstruction method section lists the important advances of parallel imaging, compressed sensing, sparsity in the z-spectrum, and algorithms beyond the Fourier transform for speeding up CEST MRI.

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“…However, using an unsuitable model or algorithm to describe the different broad and slowly varying pools to fit or denoise the z-spectrum can lead to errors. Besides that, a few volumetric CEST imaging techniques are developed to cover more slices and frequency offsets by sacrificing SNR of the acquired data (Cai et al, 2019), this has posed significant challenges to fitting the acquired spectra for more robust quantification.…”

Section: Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Magnetic Resonance Ima...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Resonance pH Imaging in Stroke – Combining the Old With the New

et al. 2022

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The study of stroke has historically made use of traditional spectroscopy techniques to provide the ground truth for parameters like pH. However, techniques like 31P spectroscopy have limitations, in particular poor temporal and spatial resolution, coupled with a need for a high field strength and specialized coils. More modern magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)-based imaging techniques like chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) have been developed to counter some of these limitations but lack the definitive gold standard for pH that 31P spectroscopy provides. In this perspective, both the traditional (31P spectroscopy) and emerging (CEST) techniques in the measurement of pH for ischemic imaging will be discussed. Although each has its own advantages and limitations, it is likely that CEST may be preferable simply due to the hardware, acquisition time and image resolution advantages. However, more experiments on CEST are needed to determine the specificity of endogenous CEST to absolute pH, and 31P MRS can be used to calibrate CEST for pH measurement in the preclinical model to enhance our understanding of the relationship between CEST and pH. Combining the two imaging techniques, one old and one new, we may be able to obtain new insights into stroke physiology that would not be possible otherwise with either alone.

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Ultrafast multi-slice chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging scheme based on segmented spatiotemporal encoding

Cited by 7 publications

References 46 publications

Clinical translation of amide proton transfer (APT) MRI for ischemic stroke: a systematic review (2003–2020)

Clinical translation of amide proton transfer (APT) MRI for ischemic stroke: a systematic review (2003–2020)

Acquisition sequences and reconstruction methods for fast chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging

Magnetic Resonance pH Imaging in Stroke – Combining the Old With the New

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