Ultrafast laser welding of ceramics

Penilla, Elías H.; Devia-Cruz, Luis Felipe; Wieg, A. T.; Martínez-Torres, P.; Cuando-Espitia, Natanael; Sellappan, Pathikumar; Kodera, Yasuhiro; Aguilar, Guillermo; Garay, Javier E.

doi:10.1126/science.aaw6699

Cited by 131 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…have shown that 1‐ps pulses lead to more efficient welding than 230‐fs pulses. [ 12 ] Therefore, employing picosecond pulses should lead to significant—but not excessive—thermal effects, which are a prerequisite for laser welding. The Gaussian beam is focused through silicon at the interface with copper by means of an objective lens of numerical aperture NA = 0.26 mounted on a translation stage allowing its displacement along the optical axis z .…”

Section: Experimental Arrangementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 1–4 ] While ultrashort laser pulses represent an extraordinary tool for clean material removal with applications in material processing [ 5 ] or nanosurgery, [ 6 ] they are also attractive for additive manufacturing as they offer the possibility of joining a wide variety of materials that are impossible to bond using standard welding procedures. Nowadays, ultrafast laser welding can be successfully applied in configurations such as glass–metal, [ 7 ] glass–semiconductor, [ 8 ] glass–glass, [ 9,10 ] polymer–polymer, [ 11 ] and, more recently, ceramic–ceramic, [ 12 ] yielding MPa shear joining strengths. Given that this order of magnitude is similar or even higher than the one that can be obtained with traditional bonding methods (e.g., adhesive bonding), laser welding is an attractive alternative to these as it shows no aging or degasification problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taming Ultrafast Laser Filaments for Optimized Semiconductor–Metal Welding

Chambonneau

Fedorov

et al. 2020

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Ultrafast laser welding is a fast, clean, and contactless technique for joining a broad range of materials. Nevertheless, this technique cannot be applied for bonding semiconductors and metals. By investigating the nonlinear propagation of picosecond laser pulses in silicon, it is elucidated how the evolution of filaments during propagation prevents the energy deposition at the semiconductor–metal interface. While the restrictions imposed by nonlinear propagation effects in semiconductors usually inhibit countless applications, the possibility to perform semiconductor–metal ultrafast laser welding is demonstrated. This technique relies on the determination and the precompensation of the nonlinear focal shift for relocating filaments and thus optimizing the energy deposition at the interface between the materials. The resulting welds show remarkable shear joining strengths (up to 2.2 MPa) compatible with applications in microelectronics. Material analyses shed light on the physical mechanisms involved during the interaction.

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Section: Experimental Arrangementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taming Ultrafast Laser Filaments for Optimized Semiconductor–Metal Welding

Chambonneau

Fedorov

et al. 2020

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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“…Refractory oxide ceramics are usually produced by sintering, and applicationdriven incentives to study high temperature oxide melts have been largely limited to metallurgical slugs and glasses. The situation has changed with the application of additive manufacturing techniques to ceramic materials [2][3][4][5][6][7]. These techniques often involve laser melting, and their advance is hampered by a lack of data on oxide melts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of Density of Liquid Oxides with an Aero-Acoustic Levitator

et al. 2021

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Densities of liquid oxide melts with melting temperatures above 2000 °C are required to establish mixing models in the liquid state for thermodynamic modeling and advanced additive manufacturing and laser welding of ceramics. Accurate measurements of molten rare earth oxide density were recently reported from experiments with an electrostatic levitator on board the International Space Station. In this work, we present an approach to terrestrial measurements of density and thermal expansion of liquid oxides from high-speed videography using an aero-acoustic levitator with laser heating and machine vision algorithms. The following density values for liquid oxides at melting temperature were obtained: Y2O3 4.6 ± 0.15; Yb2O3 8.4 ± 0.2; Zr0.9Y0.1O1.95 4.7 ± 0.2; Zr0.95Y0.05O1.975 4.9 ± 0.2; HfO2 8.2 ± 0.3 g/cm3. The accuracy of density and thermal expansion measurements can be improved by employing backlight illumination, spectropyrometry and a multi-emitter acoustic levitator.

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“…With the development of laser science and technology, laser welding will become an important potential process for the joining of cemented carbides and steels. Ultrafast laser welding shows potential for achieving a lower heat input [111].…”

Section: Existing Main Issues Corresponding Solutions and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissimilar Welding and Joining of Cemented Carbides

Wang

Chen

et al. 2019

Metals

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Cemented carbides have been widely used in aerospace, biomedical/wearable sensor, automobile, microelectronic, and other manufacturing industries owing to their superior physical and chemical properties at elevated temperatures. These superior properties, however, make it difficult to process these materials using conventional manufacturing methods. In this article, an overview of the welding and joining processes of cemented carbide and steel is given, followed by a few examples of welding processes. Cemented carbides can be successfully joined by sinter-bonding, brazing and soldering, laser beam welding, tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding, diffusion welding, friction welding, electron-beam welding, and chemical vapor deposition. An overview of the benefits and drawbacks of brazing and soldering of cemented carbide and steel is presented, including reports on joint design, processes, and selection of brazing filler metals. The laser welding of cemented carbide and steel is addressed and reviewed, including reports on gap bridging ability, the inclusion/absence of filler metals, interlayers, and laser/TIG hybrid welding. Finally, a section is devoted to explaining the main issues remaining in the welding and joining of cemented carbide, corresponding solutions, and future work required.

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Ultrafast laser welding of ceramics

Cited by 131 publications

References 34 publications

Taming Ultrafast Laser Filaments for Optimized Semiconductor–Metal Welding

Taming Ultrafast Laser Filaments for Optimized Semiconductor–Metal Welding

Measurements of Density of Liquid Oxides with an Aero-Acoustic Levitator

Dissimilar Welding and Joining of Cemented Carbides

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