Ultrafast electron microscopy for probing magnetic dynamics

Harvey, Tyler R.; Silva, Nara Rubiano da; Gaida, John H.; Möller, Marcel; Feist, Armin; Schäfer, Sascha; Ropers, Claus

doi:10.1557/s43577-021-00166-5

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 134 publications

(130 reference statements)

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“…338 Direct observation of the transient states and understanding the nanoscale magnetization dynamics on ultrafast time scales are crucial for device developments in vortex-based data-storage, spintronics, and quantum computing. 331,336,337…”

Section: Characterizing Vortices and Topological Quasiparticles With ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Time-resolved UTEM, in combination with Lorentz electron microscopy, is employed to spatiotemporally probe the evolution of nanoscopic magnetic configurations . Recently, ultrafast Lorentz microscopy has been used as a novel tool in several studies to address a plethora of open questions related to ultrafast formation and dynamics of magnetic textures. , Nanoscale magnetic textures, such as vortices and skyrmions are useful for manipulating various couplings and energy transport mechanisms and ultimately altering the functional properties in magnetic nanostructures …”

Section: Exploring Reversible and Metastable Dynamics Of Quantum Exci...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to reversible phase transitions in magnetic structures, in FePt films, the photoinduced demagnetization dynamics, including domain wall movements and the degree of coherence at the domain walls, have been directly captured and quantitatively measured with picosecond temporal resolution. ,, In a similar study, the reversible magnetization dynamics, including nucleation, oscillation, and annihilation of magnetic domain walls, is directly visualized in ferromagnetic Ni thin films . Direct observation of the transient states and understanding the nanoscale magnetization dynamics on ultrafast time scales are crucial for device developments in vortex-based data-storage, spintronics, and quantum computing. ,, …”

Section: Exploring Reversible and Metastable Dynamics Of Quantum Exci...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accelerating Quantum Materials Development with Advances in Transmission Electron Microscopy

Moradifar,

Liu,

Shi

et al. 2023

Chem. Rev.

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Quantum materials are driving a technology revolution in sensing, communication, and computing, while simultaneously testing many core theories of the past century. Materials such as topological insulators, complex oxides, superconductors, quantum dots, color center-hosting semiconductors, and other types of strongly correlated materials can exhibit exotic properties such as edge conductivity, multiferroicity, magnetoresistance, superconductivity, single photon emission, and optical-spin locking. These emergent properties arise and depend strongly on the material’s detailed atomic-scale structure, including atomic defects, dopants, and lattice stacking. In this review, we describe how progress in the field of electron microscopy (EM), including in situ and in operando EM, can accelerate advances in quantum materials and quantum excitations. We begin by describing fundamental EM principles and operation modes. We then discuss various EM methods such as (i) EM spectroscopies, including electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), cathodoluminescence (CL), and electron energy gain spectroscopy (EEGS); (ii) four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM); (iii) dynamic and ultrafast EM (UEM); (iv) complementary ultrafast spectroscopies (UED, XFEL); and (v) atomic electron tomography (AET). We describe how these methods could inform structure–function relations in quantum materials down to the picometer scale and femtosecond time resolution, and how they enable precision positioning of atomic defects and high-resolution manipulation of quantum materials. For each method, we also describe existing limitations to solve open quantum mechanical questions, and how they might be addressed to accelerate progress. Among numerous notable results, our review highlights how EM is enabling identification of the 3D structure of quantum defects; measuring reversible and metastable dynamics of quantum excitations; mapping exciton states and single photon emission; measuring nanoscale thermal transport and coupled excitation dynamics; and measuring the internal electric field and charge density distribution of quantum heterointerfaces- all at the quantum materials’ intrinsic atomic and near atomic-length scale. We conclude by describing open challenges for the future, including achieving stable sample holders for ultralow temperature (below 10K) atomic-scale spatial resolution, stable spectrometers that enable meV energy resolution, and high-resolution, dynamic mapping of magnetic and spin fields. With atomic manipulation and ultrafast characterization enabled by EM, quantum materials will be poised to integrate into many of the sustainable and energy-efficient technologies needed for the 21st century.

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Section: Characterizing Vortices and Topological Quasiparticles With ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Exploring Reversible and Metastable Dynamics Of Quantum Exci...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Exploring Reversible and Metastable Dynamics Of Quantum Exci...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accelerating Quantum Materials Development with Advances in Transmission Electron Microscopy

Moradifar,

Liu,

Shi

et al. 2023

Chem. Rev.

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“…Structural dynamics driven by photoexcitation in light-harvesting materials have also been probed by UED, and this is the subject of the article by Guzelturk and Lindenberg. 27 Real-space ultrafast electron imaging methods are also in development, and the article by Harvey et al 28 demonstrates time-resolved Lorenz microscopy as a tool for studying magnetization dynamics in materials.…”

Section: Directly Observing Ultrafast Structural Dynamics In Materials: Phase Transitions and Processes That Underlie Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontier nonequilibrium materials science enabled by ultrafast electron methods

2021

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Most innovation in materials science and engineering resides in our ability to understand and control the intimate relationship between the structure of materials and their properties. Conventionally, the only route to discovering innovative new material properties has been to explore the structural and compositional phase space that is accessible at (or near) thermodynamic equilibrium. The characterization, manipulation and, ultimately, control of material properties far from equilibrium offers almost completely untapped possibilities for uncovering novel states and phases of materials. Investigations of materials far from equilibrium require the development of new techniques, which are capable of following dynamic processes in materials with extreme spatiotemporal resolution. Thus, ultrafast electron-based methods have become a major new frontier in materials science due to the capability of following dynamics on time scales as short as femtoseconds with the high spatial resolution and sensitivity afforded by electrons. The articles in this issue provide an exciting cross section of the novel research directions that have been enabled at this frontier. Imaging on ultrafast time scales carries critical information on phase transitions, fundamental processes involved in light-harvesting, magnetic, and plasmonic dynamics, the coupling of electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom in materials and has revealed previously hidden, nonequilibrium metastable states of matter that have no equilibrium analog.

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“…A short review of the recent developments is in Ref. [102]. In the following, I will summarize the most important developments preceding the publications which are part of this thesis.…”

Section: Time-resolved Lorentz Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging vortex pinning and gyration by time-resolved and in-situ Lorentz microscopy

Möller¹

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I am grateful to everyone who has helped me throughout my PhD journey. Without their support, encouragement, and guidance, this thesis would not have been possible.First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor Prof. Dr. Claus Ropers, for his enduring mentorship, insightful feedback, and patient guidance. I have learned so much from him and am grateful for the opportunity to work under his supervision.I am also grateful to the members of my thesis committee, Prof. Dr. Stefan Mathias, and Dr. Henning Ulrichs, for their constructive feedback and suggestions. Their insights have helped me to improve the quality of this thesis.Special thanks go to my colleague John Henri Gaida. His contribution was invaluable and his expertise and insights were instrumental in the successful completion of my research projects.I would like to extend my appreciation to my other colleagues Thomas Danz, Armin Feist, Till Domröse, Nora Bach and Karin Ahlborn, for their friendship and support throughout my PhD journey. Their encouragement and advice have been invaluable.Many thanks to my colleague Benjamin Schröder, who generously volunteered his time and expertise to proofread this thesis. His suggestions and attention to detail greatly improved the quality of this work.To my beloved wife Simone and our wonderful son Jona, I am eternally grateful for their unflagging love and support. Their presence in my life has been a constant source of joy and motivation. I am deeply thankful to my late father Werner and my mother Renate for their unwavering support. My father's passing during my PhD was a difficult time for me, but his memory and the values he instilled in me have continued to inspire and motivate me.

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Ultrafast electron microscopy for probing magnetic dynamics

Cited by 11 publications

References 134 publications

Accelerating Quantum Materials Development with Advances in Transmission Electron Microscopy

Accelerating Quantum Materials Development with Advances in Transmission Electron Microscopy

Frontier nonequilibrium materials science enabled by ultrafast electron methods

Imaging vortex pinning and gyration by time-resolved and in-situ Lorentz microscopy

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