Ultradense 2‐to‐4 decoder in quantum‐dot cellular automata technology based on MV32 gate

Abstract

Quantum‐dot cellular automata (QCA) is an alternative complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) technology that is used to implement high‐speed logical circuits at the atomic or molecular scale. In this study, an optimal 2‐to‐4 decoder in QCA is presented. The proposed QCA decoder is designed using a new formulation based on the MV32 gate. Notably, the MV32 gate has three inputs and two outputs, which is equivalent two 3‐input majority gates, and operates based on cellular interactions. A multilayer design is suggested for the proposed decoder. Subsequently, a new and efficient 3‐to‐8 QCA decoder architecture is presented using the proposed 2‐to‐4 QCA decoder. The simulation results of the QCADesigner 2.0.3 software show that the proposed decoders perform well. Comparisons show that the proposed 2‐to‐4 QCA decoder is superior to the previously proposed ones in terms of cell count, occupied area, and delay.

Design of 2:4 and 3:8 decoder circuit using QCA technology

“…It is a comparison between the already available decoder circuits and our proposed 2:4 decoder circuit design. In terms of cell count, layer separation and consumption of area proposed 2:4 decoder is better design compare to the 3 layered circuits proposed in [15] and [16]. Though the papers in [17] and [18] had designed a single layered circuit but number of cells and area requirement is more than the proposed design.…”

“…There are few decoder circuits designed in QCA. The work in [15] is slightly efficient design in terms of the cells count for the 3:8 decoder circuit but the layers used for the design and the consumption of area is same with the proposed design. The proposed design can be formed from 2:4 decoder and can be easily scaled up to form 3:8, 4:16 decoders and so on.…”

“…The designs are made such that it can be scaled up from 2:4 to 3:8 to 4:16 decoders and so on. Finally, we compare it to the previous designs as mentioned in [15][16][17][18].…”

Design of Area Efficient Single Bit Comparator Circuit using Quantum dot Cellular Automata and its Digital Logic Gates Realization

“…When control value +1 is given, it acts like an OR gate and when the control input is -1, it acts like an AND gate. Many circuits have been implemented using this majority gate like adders and subtractors [2][3], multiplexers [4][5] and decoders [6] which are the basic building blocks of any digital circuit. Figure 2 shows the QCA design of a majority voter gate.…”