Ultra-wideband statistical propagation channel model for implant sensors in the human chest

Khaleghi, Ali; Chávez-Santiago, Raúl; Balasingham, Ilangko

doi:10.1049/iet-map.2010.0537

Cited by 78 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Although the channel impulse response (CIR) for propagation in the thoracic cavity was obtained, no path loss formulas were presented therein. A more elaborated model providing a statistical description of both the CIR and path loss of an IB2OB UWB link within 1-6 GHz for the thoracic cavity was presented in [14]. This model was derived from numerical simulations using the voxel anatomical data set of the Visible Human Project®.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Body to On-Body Ultrawideband Propagation Model Derived From Measurements in Living Animals

Floor

Chávez-Santiago

Brovoll

et al. 2015

IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform.

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Abstract-Ultra wideband (UWB) radio technology for wireless implants has gained significant attention. UWB enables the fabrication of faster and smaller transceivers with ultra low power consumption, which may be integrated into more sophisticated implantable biomedical sensors and actuators. Nevertheless, the large path loss suffered by UWB signals propagating through inhomogeneous layers of biological tissues is a major hindering factor. For the optimal design of implantable transceivers, the accurate characterization of the UWB radio propagation in living biological tissues is indispensable. Channel measurements in phantoms and numerical simulations with digital anatomical models provide good initial insight into the expected path loss in complex propagation media like the human body, but they often fail to capture the effects of blood circulation, respiration, and temperature gradients of a living subject. Therefore, we performed UWB channel measurements within 1-6 GHz on two living porcine subjects because of the anatomical resemblance with an average human torso. We present for the first time a path loss model derived from these invivo measurements, which includes the frequency-dependent attenuation. The use of multiple on-body receiving antennas to combat the high propagation losses in implant radio channels was also investigated. Index Terms-channel model, implant, in-body, in-vivo, path lossThis work is part of the MELODY Project-Phase II (Contract no. 225885), which is financially sponsored by the Research Council of Norway.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Body to On-Body Ultrawideband Propagation Model Derived From Measurements in Living Animals

Floor

Chávez-Santiago

Brovoll

et al. 2015

IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform.

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“…However, the high cost of each surgical procedure and the restrictions in animal experimentations due to ethical reasons are enough arguments to seek other solutions. In the literature, studies based on simulation measurements using human voxel models can be found [12]. Nevertheless, software simulations are not able to reproduce all the channel conditions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial In-Body Channel Characterization Using an Accurate UWB Phantom

Andreu

Castelló-Palacios

Garcia-Pardo

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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Abstract-Ultra-wideband (UWB) systems have emerged as a possible solution for future wireless in-body communications. However, in-body channel characterization is complex. Animal experimentation is usually restricted. Furthermore, software simulations can be expensive and imply a high computational cost. Synthetic chemical solutions, known as phantoms, can be used to solve this issue. However, achieving a reliable UWB phantom can be challenging since UWB systems use a large bandwidth and the relative permittivity of human tissues are frequency dependent. In this paper, a measurement campaign within 3.1-8.5 GHz using a new UWB phantom is performed. Currently, this phantom achieves the best known approximation to the permittivity of human muscle in the whole UWB band. Measurements were performed in different spatial positions, in order to also investigate the diversity of the in-body channel in the spatial domain. Two experimental in-body to in-body (IB2IB) and in-body to on-body (IB2OB) scenarios are considered. From the measurements, new path loss models are obtained. Besides, the correlation in transmission and reception is computed for both scenarios. Our results show a highly uncorrelated channel in transmission for the IB2IB scenario at all locations. Nevertheless, for the IB2OB scenario, the correlation varies depending on the position of the receiver and transmitter.Index Terms-Body area network, in-body communications, path loss, ultra-wideband (UWB) phantom, uncorrelated channel.

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“…In light of this, intra-body communication have been considered for many medical applications over the past few years and still attracts increasing attention [6,7]. Referred to 2 of 15 as Intra-body Area Networks (i-BANs), the communication links encompass on-body, off-body, and implanted (in-body) nodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous investigators have employed three different physical principles for intra-body communication: galvanic coupling [9][10][11], capacitive coupling [12][13][14], and RF links [15,16]. The Medical Implant Communication Service (MICS) operating over the frequency range 402-405 MHz has been accepted worldwide for data transmission to support medical application associated with medical implant devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the Fat Channel for Intra-Body Communication at R-Band Frequencies

Asan

Hassan

Velander

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract:In this paper, we investigate the use of fat tissue as a communication channel between in-body, implanted devices at R-band frequencies (1.7-2.6 GHz). The proposed fat channel is based on an anatomical model of the human body. We propose a novel probe that is optimized to efficiently radiate the R-band frequencies into the fat tissue. We use our probe to evaluate the path loss of the fat channel by studying the channel transmission coefficient over the R-band frequencies. We conduct extensive simulation studies and validate our results by experimentation on phantom and ex-vivo porcine tissue, with good agreement between simulations and experiments. We demonstrate a performance comparison between the fat channel and similar waveguide structures. Our characterization of the fat channel reveals propagation path loss of ∼1.4 dB and ∼3.8 dB per 20 mm for phantom and ex-vivo porcine tissue, respectively. These results demonstrate that fat tissue can be used as a communication channel for high data rate intra-body networks.

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Ultra-wideband statistical propagation channel model for implant sensors in the human chest

Cited by 78 publications

References 15 publications

In-Body to On-Body Ultrawideband Propagation Model Derived From Measurements in Living Animals

In-Body to On-Body Ultrawideband Propagation Model Derived From Measurements in Living Animals

Spatial In-Body Channel Characterization Using an Accurate UWB Phantom

Characterization of the Fat Channel for Intra-Body Communication at R-Band Frequencies

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