Ultra-wideband outdoor communication characteristics with and without traffic

Abstract

The BER performance for ultra-wideband (UWB) outdoor communication in LOS and NLOS environments with and without traffic is investigated. We obtain the impulse responses of the UWB outdoor environment by both 2.5D SBR-Image method and inverse Fourier transform techniques. The 2.5D SBR-Image method is first considered for two-dimensional environment simulated without heights of obstacles by ray tubes. Then, heights of the obstacles are taken into consideration between the transmitters and receivers. If the height of ray is lower than that of obstacles, the ray is neglected for the receivers. This effectively reduces the simulating time. By using the impulse response of multipath channels, the BER performance for binary pulse amplitude modulation communications over the radio UWB system is evaluated. We have performed computer simulations in LOS and NLOS environments with and without traffic in dense building areas. Numerical results have shown that the multipath effect caused by moving vehicles in the outdoor LOS and NLOS environments has a great impact on BER performance. Rake receivers are used to improve the outage probability. The relationship between traffic and BER performance is investigated; meanwhile, the characteristics of LOS and NLOS outdoor UWB environments are analyzed. Our investigation results can help improve planning and design of the UWB system.

Optimal receiver antenna location in indoor environment using dynamic differential evolution and genetic algorithm

“…1. Frequency responses for sinusoidal waves by shooting and bouncing ray (SBR)/image [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] techniques. The SBR/image method can deal with highfrequency radio wave propagations in the complex indoor environments [24,25].…”

Location optimisation for antennas by asynchronous particle swarm optimisation

“…Using ray-tracing [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] approaches to predict channel characteristic is effective and fast, and the approaches are also usually applied to multiple input multiple output (MIMO) channel modelling in recent years [25][26][27][28]. Thus, a ray-tracing technique is developed to calculate the channel matrix of MIMO system in this paper.…”

Comparison of GA and DDE for optimizing coverage in indoor environment

“…Because of the often complex indoor propagation environments, intensive measurements are commonly used to collect data and build empirical propagation models that could be used to determine the number and locations of transmitting antennas and establish adequate coverage in regions of interest. In , the model proposes a two‐dimensional ray‐tracing prediction technique associated with a real‐coded mono‐objective genetic algorithm (GA). The GA provides results for antenna position optimization that maximizes the lower field values.…”