Ultra-Tough, highly stable and Self-Adhesive Goatskin-Based intelligent Multi-Functional organogel e-skin as Temperature, Humidity, Strain, and bioelectric four-mode sensors for health monitoring

Multifunctional Biomimetic e-Skin Constructed In Situ on Tanned Sheep Leather as a Multimodal Sensor for the Monitoring of Motion and Health

“…Furthermore, compared to the O–H peak observed in IHEZ (3362 cm –1 ), a red shift toward lower wavenumber was observed for the O–H peak in LIHEZ (3291 cm –1 ), suggesting enhanced internal hydrogen bonding due to collagen fiber introduction. Similarly, compared with the O–H peak in LIHZ (3319 cm –1 ), a red shift with decreased wavenumber was observed for the O–H peak in LIHEZ, implying that additional hydrogen bonds could be formed between EG organic solvent and both collagen fiber and polymer chain …”

“…Additionally, the TG (Figure S3c) and DTG (Figure e) curves of Leather, IHEZ, and LIHEZ samples depicted their thermal stability within the temperature range of 30–650 °C. Notably, Leather’s DTG curve exhibited a peak at 319 °C corresponding to the decomposition temperature of the collagen fiber network, while for IHEZ hydrogel, the polymer chain decomposition occurred at 370 °C . Remarkably, LIHEZ hydrogel displayed a significantly higher decomposition temperature at 376 °C compared to Leather (319 °C), owing to its unique feature where the polymer layer effectively encapsulated collagen fibers thereby enhancing P(IA-HEA)’s interaction with collagen fibers and consequently improving leather’s thermal stability …”

“…In this study, a top-down approach was employed to fabricate a LIHEZ e-skin, as illustrated in Figure a. Initially, sheepskin underwent traditional tanning processes including water soaking, degreasing, enzyme-softening, and acid-soaking to obtain the pickled sheepskin with noncollagen components removed . Subsequently, the pickled sheepskin was treated with an aluminum tanning agent to yield sheep leather with a stable cross-linked collagen fiber skeleton.…”

“…Furthermore, LIHEZ possessed a load-bearing capacity of 7 LB and puncture resistance, confirming its exceptional physical strength attributes (Figure c). The tensile curves of LIHEZ hydrogel under different strains (Figure S3a) and the cyclic curves under 100% strain (Figure S3b) were presented, demonstrating the inherent resistance to repeated mechanical forces and the exceptional fatigue resistance of LIHEZ e-skin . The properties of the five samples (Leather, IHEZ, LIEZ, LHEZ, and LIHEZ) were evaluated using radar chart comparisons, as depicted in Figure d.…”

Multifunctional, High-Strength Electronic Skin Based on the Natural Sheepskin Fiber Network for Multifaceted Human Health Monitoring and Management

“…As shown in Figure 3i, the peaks at 1632 cm −1 (amide I band) and 1539 cm −1 (amide II band) are the characteristic peaks of collagen. 29 In the infrared spectrum of curcumin, the characteristic peaks were observed near 3422, 1628, 1510, 1430, 1283, 1030, and 846 cm −1 , which could be attributed to the stretching vibration of the −OH group, the mixed vibration of C�C and C�O groups, the vibration of C−O and C−C bonds, the bending vibration of the olefin C−H bond, the C− O aromatic stretching vibration, the stretching vibration of the C−O−C bond, and the C−C−H aromatic bending vibration, respectively. 30,31 As shown in Figure 3j, the O−H peaks in PSA (3310 cm −1 ) and PSC (3306 cm −1 ) both shifted toward lower wavenumbers compared to the O−H peak (3317 cm −1 ) observed in the PS hydrogel, indicating enhanced internal hydrogen bonding.…”