Ultra-thin WO3 nanorod embedded polyaniline composite thin film: Synthesis and electrochromic characteristics

Zhang, Jun; Tu, Jiangping; Du, Gaohui; Dong, Zimin; Wu, Yueming; Chang, Ling; Xie, Dong; Cai, Guofa; Wang, Xiuli

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2013.02.025

Cited by 77 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…WO 3 is perceived as a prospective candidate for ECDs since it has many advantages such as genuine color switching and, good chemical stability and exhibits the most efficient electrochromic properties both in the visible and near infrared regimes [3]. These properties are substantially dependent on the crystal structure, which in turn affects the electronic properties of the ion injection/ejection during electrochemical reactions [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These properties are substantially dependent on the crystal structure, which in turn affects the electronic properties of the ion injection/ejection during electrochemical reactions [4]. The crystal structure of WO 3 can be controlled by synthetic methods or deposition processes. Several methods can be used to fabricate WO 3 electrodes for EC applications, including sputtering [5], thermal evaporation [6], solÀgel coating [7], hydrothermal [8] electrochemical methods [9] and electrospinning [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several methods can be used to fabricate WO 3 electrodes for EC applications, including sputtering [5], thermal evaporation [6], solÀgel coating [7], hydrothermal [8] electrochemical methods [9] and electrospinning [10]. In addition to bulktype electrodes, nano-structured WO 3 has been increasingly investigated because its morphology provides a high surface area for electron and ion transport [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent study, nanobrick-like WO 3 thin films have been synthesized via facile hydrothermal route. The WO 3 film comprised of nanobricks exhibited high crystallinity with large surface area that affects ion insertion kinetics leading to enhanced EC performance [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PEDOT/WO₃ Hybrid Nanofiber Architectures for High Performance Electrochromic Devices

et al. 2016

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This study focuses on the electrochromic device (ECD) applications of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/tungsten oxide (PEDOT/WO3) hybrid nanofibers prepared via electrospinning method. Nanoporous WO3 films were initially electrosynthesized on Pt sheet. The PEDOT layer was electropolymerized onto the entire surface of the WO3 nanoporous host framework in the presence of different ionic liquids: 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIMBF4), 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIMPF6), 1‐butyl‐ 3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (BMIMTFSI), and 1‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (BMPTFSI). The morphological features and elemental surface characterization of hybride nanofibers were monitored by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. ECDs changed color reversibly from transparent to light brown by switching from +3 V to −3 V. It was found that the highest optical modulation of 47.89 % and maximum coloration efficiency of 363.72 cm2/C is achieved for PEDOT/WO3/BMIMPF6 based electrochromic device. Hybrid nanofibers exhibited excellent long term stability even after 1000 chronoamperometric cycles. This work could not only push forward the facile preparation of PEDOT/WO3 nanofibers but also represent, for the first time, the possibility that the hybrid nanofibers could be a promising material for the highly efficient ECDs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PEDOT/WO₃ Hybrid Nanofiber Architectures for High Performance Electrochromic Devices

et al. 2016

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“…[6][7][8][9] WO 3 nanorods can be produced in powder form or directly grown on a substrate. The nanorods in powder form are synthesized by typical hydrothermal, 10 solvothermal, 11 and colloidal approaches, 12 followed by spin coating or dip coating onto a substrate for application. Direct growth of nanorods on the substrate have been reported using seeded growth hydrothermal reaction, 13 thermal evaporation, 14 and sputtering with glancing angle deposition (GLAD).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A WO₃Nanoporous-Nanorod Film Formed by Hydrothermal Growth of Nanorods on Anodized Nanoporous Substrate

Razak

Lockman

2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A tungsten oxide (WO 3 ) nanoporous-nanorod film was produced for the first time by hydrothermally growing WO 3 nanorods on nanoporous WO 3 substrate. The nanoporous substrates were prepared using the anodization method; hydrothermal reaction was performed on as-anodized and annealed (200-500 • C) nanoporous substrates for nanorod growth. The as-anodized substrate and the substrates annealed at ≤300 • C dissolved after hydrothermal reaction because of the amorphous and low crystallinity behaviors of the WO 3 substrates. However, the substrates annealed at ≥400 • C did not dissolve during the hydrothermal reaction; instead, nanorods were grown on the substrates, forming a nanoporous-nanorod structure. The WO 3 nanoporous-nanorod film (nanorods grown on substrate annealed at 400 • C) showed good electrochromic properties with high current density (−13.22 and +7.30 mA cm −2 ), good cycling stability, and short coloring (∼6 s) and bleaching (∼3.4 s) times. These good properties are attributed to the combination of two nanostructures (nanoporous and nanorods) that contributed to a large WO 3 surface area. Tungsten oxide (WO 3 ) is a well-known electrochromic material that has the ability to reversibly change color between colorless and blue with the application of electric potential. One of the important criteria to obtain good electrochromic property is the large surface area of the electrochromic material. A large surface area increases the interaction between the electrochromic material and electrolyte (H + or Li + ), which results in faster ion and electron intercalation and de-intercalation processes. A nanostructured electrochromic material is advantageous because of its large surface area. In producing nanostructured WO 3 films, all reported research works have yielded single nanostructured WO 3 film; no combination of WO 3 nanostructures in a film has been reported. The combination of two WO 3 nanostructures is postulated to exhibit the unique properties of both nanostructures, thereby enhancing the electrochromic properties. A WO 3 film comprising two nanostructures is introduced in this work. WO 3 nanorods were grown on a nanoporous WO 3 substrate to form a WO 3 nanoporous-nanorod film. The combination of these structures is hypothesized to produce good electrochromic properties, as the resulting structure possesses a large total surface area of WO 3 (open nanoporous structure and one-dimensional nanorods), which allows more ion and electron intercalation to occur.Porous WO 3 can be synthesized by template-assisted 1 and anodization 2-4 methods. The template-assisted method could produce ordered porous WO 3 , but with large pore diameter size of ∼330 nm. This method also requires several steps to obtain the final porous WO 3 product. Synthesis is initiated by preparing polystyrene sphere monolayer colloidal crystal on a glass slide, followed by transfer of the colloidal crystal template from the glass slide onto a substrate. Tungstic acid solution is then dropped onto the template-substrate, and calcination...

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Recent Advances in Tungsten Oxide/Conducting Polymer Hybrid Assemblies for Electrochromic Applications

Dulgerbaki

Öksüz

2016

Advanced Electrode Materials

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Ultra-thin WO3 nanorod embedded polyaniline composite thin film: Synthesis and electrochromic characteristics

Cited by 77 publications

References 42 publications

PEDOT/WO₃ Hybrid Nanofiber Architectures for High Performance Electrochromic Devices

PEDOT/WO₃ Hybrid Nanofiber Architectures for High Performance Electrochromic Devices

A WO₃Nanoporous-Nanorod Film Formed by Hydrothermal Growth of Nanorods on Anodized Nanoporous Substrate

Recent Advances in Tungsten Oxide/Conducting Polymer Hybrid Assemblies for Electrochromic Applications

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Ultra-thin WO3 nanorod embedded polyaniline composite thin film: Synthesis and electrochromic characteristics

Cited by 77 publications

References 42 publications

PEDOT/WO3 Hybrid Nanofiber Architectures for High Performance Electrochromic Devices

PEDOT/WO3 Hybrid Nanofiber Architectures for High Performance Electrochromic Devices

A WO3Nanoporous-Nanorod Film Formed by Hydrothermal Growth of Nanorods on Anodized Nanoporous Substrate

Recent Advances in Tungsten Oxide/Conducting Polymer Hybrid Assemblies for Electrochromic Applications

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Product

Resources

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PEDOT/WO₃ Hybrid Nanofiber Architectures for High Performance Electrochromic Devices

PEDOT/WO₃ Hybrid Nanofiber Architectures for High Performance Electrochromic Devices

A WO₃Nanoporous-Nanorod Film Formed by Hydrothermal Growth of Nanorods on Anodized Nanoporous Substrate