Ultra-Stretchable Piezoelectric Nanogenerators via Large-Scale Aligned Fractal Inspired Micro/Nanofibers

Duan, Yongqing; Ding, Yajiang; Bian, Jing; Xu, Zhoulong; Yin, Zhouping

doi:10.3390/polym9120714

Cited by 31 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…For the linear photoresist pattern, a short nozzle‐to‐substrate distance (H) is used to improve positioning via a high‐speed moving stage and avoid the influence of spiraling phenomenon . Oppositely, the “whipping/buckling” phenomenon of the electrospinning jet is used to directly fabricate serpentine pattern with diverse geometries in a programmable, accurately positioned, and individually controlled manner. When the substrate speed (V) gradually decrease and not enough to neutralize the spiraling speed of the photoresist jet, the spiraling jet can print serpentine pattern on the substrate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance, Micrometer Thick/Conformal, Transparent Metal‐Network Electrodes for Flexible and Curved Electronic Devices

Liu

Xiao

Rao

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Technologies

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deposition temperature (≈300 °C) limit their applications in large-area/flexible/ curved optoelectronic devices. Therefore, several candidates, including carbon nanotubes, [4,10] graphene, [11,12] conductive polymers, [13,14] and metal-network electrodes (MNEs) [15,16] were investigated to replace ITO films. Due to the relatively low electrical conductivity of large-scale graphene and high contact resistance of carbon nanotubes, the applications of these carbon-based nanomaterials are highly limited. And further on the poor conductivity and instability of conducting polymers, MNEs are a strong candidate due to their superior electrical and optical performance. [17][18][19] The solution-processed metal nanowires such as Ag NWs [20,21] and Cu NWs [22][23][24] are excellent materials to structure high-property electrodes by a coating process. [25] However, the contact resistance at the nanogap junctions between these nanowires results in much lower conductivity compared to the evaporated metal electrodes. Moreover, the poor adhesion [26] and protrusions [27] limit the applications of these solution-processed electrodes. The continuous metal nanowires could be fabricated by the using of a electrospun nonwoven masks [28][29][30][31][32] before the metal evaporation process and avoids the influence of contact resistance. But the disorderly arrangement of metal nanowires makes the inhomogeneity of film conductivity and results in the inferior quality of electrodes. Screen printing or inkjet printing can construct and arrange metal nanowires networks by using the metal precursor solution [33,34] or metal nanoparticle pastes, [35][36][37] but usually requiring a high temperature annealing (>200 °C) process. The high temperature heavily limits the selection of polymeric/elastomeric substrates. Therefore, in addition to transparency and resistance, low preparation temperature is very important in flexible MNEs.In this work, we reported highly transparent, ultrathin/ curved MNEs fabricated by programmable electrohydrodynamic (EHD) lithography, which directly generates high-resolution pattern of photoresist on ultrathin and curved substrates. The EHD lithography technique is a simple, data-driven, and inexpensive process, avoiding exposure or development process of conventional photolithography. [38] Moreover, it does not require high-temperature heat treatment and complicated transferring, Metal-network electrodes (MNEs) are excellent substitutes to the brittle and expensive indium tin oxide (ITO) films for flexible and transparent electronic devices. For a high transmittance and low resistivity, highly ordered metal wire arrays with suitable gap and width are essential. Here, high-orderly and dimension-controllable ultrathin/conformal MNEs are fabricated on µm thick/curved substrate via programmable electrohydrodynamic (EHD) lithography. By employing EHD direct-writing, large-scale high-resolution photoresist micro/nano-pattern can be digitally printed on ultrathin/curved substrates, as the digital mask in chemical etching ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Performance, Micrometer Thick/Conformal, Transparent Metal‐Network Electrodes for Flexible and Curved Electronic Devices

Liu

Xiao

Rao

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Technologies

Self Cite

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“…Furthermore, various portable smart devices are playing major roles in daily life, and these devices require lighter, smaller, or larger capacity power sources. Related research topics such as sensors [9,10], energy harvesting [11][12][13][14], piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) [15][16][17], and triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have received significant attention [18][19][20][21][22][23] because a large amount of available energy is generated by the human movement and clothing friction. The triboelectric effect is caused by the contact between different materials, and it can induce strong electrostatic charges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the fiber-based TENG was introduced by Zhong et al in 2014 [35], related studies have been actively reported [15,16,36]. Notably, the TENG using nanofibers has been widely investigated because of its advantages, such as ease of production by electrospinning and high surface roughness [37][38][39][40][41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano- And Microfiber-Based Fully Fabric Triboelectric Nanogenerator For Wearable Devices

Bae

Song

et al. 2020

Polymers

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The combination of the triboelectric effect and static electricity as a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has been extensively studied. TENGs using nanofibers have advantages such as high surface roughness, porous structure, and ease of production by electrospinning; however, their shortcomings include high-cost, limited yield, and poor mechanical properties. Microfibers are produced on mass scale at low cost; they are solvent-free, their thickness can be easily controlled, and they have relatively better mechanical properties than nanofiber webs. Herein, a nano-and micro-fiber-based TENG (NMF-TENG) was fabricated using a nylon 6 nanofiber mat and melt blown nonwoven polypropylene (PP) as triboelectric layers. Hence, the advantages of nanofibers and microfibers are maintained and mutually complemented. The NMF-TENG was manufactured by electrospinning nylon 6 on the nonwoven PP, and then attaching Ni coated fabric electrodes on the top and bottom of the triboelectric layers. The morphology, porosity, pore size distribution, and fiber diameters of the triboelectric layers were investigated. The triboelectric output performances were confirmed by controlling the pressure area and basis weight of the nonwoven PP. This study proposes a low-cost fabrication process of NMF-TENGs with high air-permeability, durability, and productivity, which makes them applicable to a variety of wearable electronics.

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“…Various kinds of technologies, such as piezoelectric, triboelectric, electromagnetic, and pyroelectric have been considered and studied. Among these self‐powered technologies, piezoelectric generators have proven to be a great candidate as energy harvesters for skin‐integrated or even biointegrated electronics, due to the combination of their excellent electrical properties and advanced mechanical designs . Materials and mechanical engineering in piezoelectric materials, including lead zirconate tinanate (PZT), PVDF, BaTiO 3 , NaNbO 3 , and ZnO have been made great progress and realized outstanding electromechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these self‐powered technologies, piezoelectric generators have proven to be a great candidate as energy harvesters for skin‐integrated or even biointegrated electronics, due to the combination of their excellent electrical properties and advanced mechanical designs . Materials and mechanical engineering in piezoelectric materials, including lead zirconate tinanate (PZT), PVDF, BaTiO 3 , NaNbO 3 , and ZnO have been made great progress and realized outstanding electromechanical properties. However, complicated fabrication processes involving high temperature deposition, multiple steps photolithographs, physical/chemical etchings, and transfer printings are typically needed to meet the requirement of flexibility …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin‐Integrated Graphene‐Embedded Lead Zirconate Titanate Rubber for Energy Harvesting and Mechanical Sensing

Liu

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Technologies

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Thin, soft, skin‐like electronics capable of transforming body mechanical motions to electrical signals have broad potential applications in biosensing and energy harvesting. Forming piezoelectric materials into flexible and stretchable formats and integrating with soft substrate would be a considerable strategy for this aspect. Here, a skin‐integrated rubbery electronic device that associates with a simple low‐cost fabrication method for a ternary piezoelectric rubber composite of graphene, lead zirconate tinanate (PZT), and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is introduced. Comparing to the binary composite that blend with PZT and PDMS, the graphene‐embedded ternary composite exhibits a significant enhancement of self‐powered behavior, with a maximum power density of 972.43 µW cm−3 under human walking. Combined experimental and theoretical studies of the graphene‐embedded PZT rubber allow the skin‐integrated electronic device to exhibit excellent mechanical tolerance to bending, stretching, and twisting for thousands of cycles. Customized device geometries guided by optimized mechanical design enable a more comprehensive integration of the rubbery electronics with the human body. For instance, annulus‐shape devices can perfectly mount on the joints and ensure great power output and stability under continuous and large deformations. This work demonstrates the potential of large‐area, skin‐integrated, self‐powered electronics for energy harvesting as well as human health related mechanical sensing.

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Ultra-Stretchable Piezoelectric Nanogenerators via Large-Scale Aligned Fractal Inspired Micro/Nanofibers

Cited by 31 publications

References 37 publications

High‐Performance, Micrometer Thick/Conformal, Transparent Metal‐Network Electrodes for Flexible and Curved Electronic Devices

High‐Performance, Micrometer Thick/Conformal, Transparent Metal‐Network Electrodes for Flexible and Curved Electronic Devices

Nano- And Microfiber-Based Fully Fabric Triboelectric Nanogenerator For Wearable Devices

Skin‐Integrated Graphene‐Embedded Lead Zirconate Titanate Rubber for Energy Harvesting and Mechanical Sensing

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