Ultra‐Low Surface Energy Polymers: The Molecular Design Requirements

Tsibouklis, John; Nevell, Thomas G.

doi:10.1002/adma.200301638

Cited by 135 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…1,3 FMA was commonly used to create surfaces with ultralow surface energy. 13 In Figure 2A, the characteristic F 1s peak at 690 eV clearly indicated the success of polymerization and film deposition (∼28 nm after 1 h SIP, θ ≈ 128°). The atom % for poly(FMA) coated iPDMS were (O) 7.1%, (Si) 1.9%, (C) 40.9%, (F) 49.9%, and (Br) 0.2%, respectively, which were very close to theoretical values: (O) 6.7%, (C) 36.7%, and (F) 56.7%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

A Facile Method for Permanent and Functional Surface Modification of Poly(dimethylsiloxane)

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) is the choice of material for a wide range of applications, 1-3 because PDMS has many advantageous properties such as chemical inertness, nontoxicity, ease of handling, and commercial availability. It is impossible, however, to have one material that meets all the individual needs of microfluidic systems, 1 micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), 2 and cellular study. 3 New materials have been developed to replace PDMS. For example, a photocurable perfluoropolyether (PFPE) was synthesized to fabricate microfludic devices that were organic solvent compatible. 4,5 In a consensus, it is costly to develop a new elastomer for each individual need. And we believe surface modification of PDMS will be a cost-effective and time-saving strategy, if a facile method for surface modification can be developed, since surface modification retains the desired bulk properties of PDMS and reveals the need for new material development.A number of strategies have been developed for PDMS surface modification, which can be divided into two categories, namely physisorption and chemical coupling. Physisorption of materials to PDMS surface, such as surfactants 6 and polyelectrolytes 7 are driven by hydrophobic force and electrostatic force, respectively. This simple method ensures PDMS based devices after modification perform well in situations that only require moderate density and thickness of coatings, and only to sustain low shear force.Chemical coupling is stable but is difficult to achieve because PDMS is chemically inert, which is ironically one of its merits. Common for this approach, the first step is to apply high-energy bombardment (i.e., plasma) to PDMS surface, which results in a silicate layer with functional groups on the surface, such as -OH and -NH 2 . Those functional groups not only render the surface hydrophilicity but also allow further modification via chemical coupling. 8 Chemical coupling has two problems: (1) Plasma treatment is easy but not sustainable; recovery of hydrophobicity of treated PDMS is well documented. 9 High-energy bombardment also has the tendency to damage PDMS. Furthermore, this strategy is only applicable to planar structure because of its limited penetration depth. (2) Concentration gradient in "grafting to" strategy prevents the preparation of thick and dense films. 10 We reported herein a facile method for permanent and functional surface modification of PDMS based on a commercial material. First, a vinyl-terminated initiator (v-initiator, part C in Scheme 1) was mixed with the viscous base and curing agent of Sylgard 184, resulting in an initiator integrated PDMS (iPDMS). The base is a poly(dimethyl-methylvinylsiloxane) prepolymer with small amount of platinum (Pt) catalyst (part A in Scheme 1) and the curing agent is a mixture of vinyl-endcapped PDMS precursors and poly-(dimethyl-methylhydrogenosiloxane) precursors as cross-linkers (part B in Scheme 1). Upon mixing together (the so-called curing process), the vinyl groups and the hydrosilane hydrogens undergo ...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 91%

A Facile Method for Permanent and Functional Surface Modification of Poly(dimethylsiloxane)

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Improve the hydrophobic-hydrophilic switching properties of the materials (since soft, amorphous materials restructure more rapidly than hard, crystalline materials). 25,42 2. Promote enhanced rates of hydrolytic degradation of the polymer in the absence of hard segment domain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrophobic‐hydrophilic surface switching properties of nonchain extended poly(urethane)s for use in agriculture to minimize soil water evaporation and permit water infiltration

Johnston

Freischmidt

Easton

et al. 2016

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Preformed plastic films produced from nondegradable materials such as poly(ethylene) are widely used in agriculture to enhance crop production by modifying soil temperature, conserving soil water, and supressing weeds, but are generally removed and disposed of after each growing season. We aim to circumvent the need to retrieve and dispose of plastic films by using water‐borne, degradable polymers that can be sprayed directly onto the soil surface to form a barrier to reduce soil water evaporation. We report the synthesis and characterization of a series of nonchain extended poly(urethane)s (PUs) for this purpose, that were prepared from poly(dimethylsiloxane) (928.3 g mol−1) and poly(ethylene glycol) (1020 g mol−1). These new materials undergo hydrophobic‐hydrophilic switching of their surface properties when in contact with water, which we exploit as a means of minimizing water evaporation from soil when the polymer layer is dry (e.g., in sunny conditions), but permitting the infiltration of liquid water through the treatment into soil during rainfall or sprinkler irrigation. The surface wettability and restructuring phenomena leading to these fascinating properties are intensively investigated using water contact angle measurements, surface‐free energy estimates and depth profiling X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Laboratory pot trials demonstrate that soil water evaporation reduced by more than 70% when soil was treated with a low loading of the polymer. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44756.

show abstract

“…The value of γ SV is determined mainly by the chemical nature and structure of the surface. Values for some constituent groups decrease in the order CH 2 (36 mJ m −2 ) > CH 3 (30 mJ m −2 ) > CF 2 (23 mJ m −2 ) > CF 3 (15 mJ m −2 ) [29]. The low s.f.e.…”

Section: Low Surface Free Energy Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 93%

The Use of Positively Charged or Low Surface Free Energy Coatings versus Polymer Brushes in Controlling Biofilm Formation

Roosjen

Norde

Mei

et al.

Progress in Colloid and Polymer Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biofilm formation on biomaterials implant surfaces and subsequent infectious complications are a frequent reason for failure of many biomedical devices, such as total hip arthroplasties, vascular catheters and urinary catheters. The development of a biofilm is initiated by the formation of a conditioning film of adsorbed macromolecules, such as proteins, followed by adhesion of microorganisms, where after they grow and anchor through secretion of extracellular polymeric substances. Adhesion of microorganisms is influenced by the physico-chemical properties of the biomaterial surface. Positively charged materials stimulate bacterial adhesion, but prevent growth of adhering bacteria. The use of low surface free energy materials did not always reduce in vitro adhesion of bacteria, but has been found beneficial in in vivo applications where fluctuating shear forces prevail, like on intra-oral devices and urine catheters. Polymer brushes have shown a very high reduction in in vitro adhesion of a great variety of microorganisms. However, for clinical application, the long term stability of polymer brushes is still a limiting factor. Further effort is therefore required to enhance the stability of polymer brushes on biomaterial implant surfaces to facilitate clinical use of these promising coatings.

show abstract

Ultra‐Low Surface Energy Polymers: The Molecular Design Requirements

Abstract: In this Research News contribution, the molecular design requirements for the synthesis of polymeric materials that can be used for the fabrication of readily accessible film structures with ultra‐low surface energy characteristics are described.

Cited by 135 publications

References 29 publications

A Facile Method for Permanent and Functional Surface Modification of Poly(dimethylsiloxane)

A Facile Method for Permanent and Functional Surface Modification of Poly(dimethylsiloxane)

Hydrophobic‐hydrophilic surface switching properties of nonchain extended poly(urethane)s for use in agriculture to minimize soil water evaporation and permit water infiltration

The Use of Positively Charged or Low Surface Free Energy Coatings versus Polymer Brushes in Controlling Biofilm Formation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About