Ultra-Low-Loss Polymer Waveguides

Yeniay, A.; Gao, Renyuan; Takayama, K.; Gao, Renfeng; Garito, A. F.

doi:10.1109/jlt.2003.822206

Cited by 105 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Fluorinated polymers replace hydrogen atoms by fluorine atoms, thus shifting the resonance to lower energies and present much better transmission characteristics, suited for optical waveguide materials [1]. CYTOP is a perfluorinated optical material that consists of C-C, C-F and C-O bonds that shift the optical absorption wavelength to 7.7-10μm [8] and shows extremely transparent properties. Because of its amorphous nature it also exhibits low scattering loss, which makes it very suitable for fibre optic applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bragg grating inscription in CYTOP polymer optical fibre using a femtosecond laser

Lacraz

Polis

Theodosiou

et al. 2015

Micro-Structured and Specialty Optical Fibres IV

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We report on the inscription of fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs) in CYTOP (cyclic transparent optical polymer) optical fibres. A femtosecond laser beam, operating in the visible wavelength range, is focussed into the core of the fibre for direct inscription of FBGs. The fibre is moved under the focussed beam by a nanometre-resolution air-bearing stage for maximal inscription precision. The grating plane dimensions (measured with bright field microscopy) are typically 30µm × 30µm × 1µm (line by line grating) or 10µm×1µm×1µm (point by point grating) and centred in the core of the fibre for optimal grating efficiency. The FBGs have a typical reflectivity of 70%, a bandwidth of 0.25nm and an index change of ~10 -4 . The FBG operate in the C-band, where CYTOP offers key advantages over poly (methyl methacrylate) optical fibres, having a significantly lower optical loss in the important near infra-red (NIR) optical communications window, with a theoretical loss of ~0.3dB/km at 1550nm. Additionally, CYTOP has a far lower affinity for water absorption and a core mode refractive index that coincides with the aqueous index regime. These properties offer several unique opportunities for polymer optical fibre sensing at NIR wavelengths, such as compatibility with existing optical networks, the potential for optical fibre sensor multiplexing and suitability for bio-sensing. We have investigated the temperature response of the grating: a linear positive shift of ~ +40pm/K has been measured with little difference between the heating and cooling response. The strain response of the FBG has also been studied with a linear shift of ~ +1.3pm/με measured over a few hundreds of με. We also demonstrated compatibility with a commercial Bragg grating demodulator.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bragg grating inscription in CYTOP polymer optical fibre using a femtosecond laser

Lacraz

Polis

Theodosiou

et al. 2015

Micro-Structured and Specialty Optical Fibres IV

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“…Recently, polymer MEMS have been studied extensively because of several advantages against traditional silicon MEMS, such as lower material, fabrication and assembly costs; most polymers are flexible or softer than Si and, in many varieties, they are transparency, biocompatible, and biodegradable, etc. Transparency of polymer is suitable for study in biomedical, micro fluidic and optical devices [1,2], while soft and high thermal expansion properties are useful for electrostatic and thermal actuators, since it requires less power to create the same displacement (compared to silicon counterparts), and therefore, it can save energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of MEMS using biodegradable polymer material

Amaya

Saito

2013

2013 Transducers &Amp; Eurosensors XXVII: The 17th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems

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This paper presents an efficient and environment friendly fabrication technology of MEMS devices using biodegradable polymer material applying hot embossing and polishing process. The robustness and capability of the method are demonstrated through the fabrication of sophisticated polylactic acid (PLA) movable microstructures. In this research, a monolithic PLA thermal microactuator has been developed as low environmental load device. All PLA thermal microactuator has been fabricated and tested successfully. The displacement was about 11 times larger than that of a Si counterpart.

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“…P ERFLUOROPOLYMER waveguides offer a unique highly integrated optical signal processing platform with benefits of ultralow loss, athermal, compact, flexible design of optical properties, and cost-effective features for high-density integrated devices [1]- [3]. Unlike earlier generations of polymers, perfluoropolymers contain fully fluorinated systems with little, or no, hydrocarbon content present, reducing the absorption losses down to 0.001 dB/cm at infrared wavelengths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

True Time Delay Photonic Circuit Based on Perfluorpolymer Waveguides

Yeniay

Gao

2010

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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A high-performance 4-bit optical true time delay device is realized on a perfluoropolymer integrated optic platform. The integrated waveguide circuit is based on athermal arrayed wavegide grating with monolithically integrated delay lines in a wavelength-selective recirculating loop configuration. The device provides precise delay length control (i.e., 1 m) over 16 channels with 40-ps incremental time delays. The device offers athermal operation over the 0 C-50 C range with a maximum insertion loss of 6.8 dB and a polarization shift of 0.4 nm. This compact device mm promises applications in code-division multiple access and phased arrayed antenna systems, where the large channel counts with high resolution delay length controls and small footprints are required.

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Ultra-Low-Loss Polymer Waveguides

Cited by 105 publications

References 10 publications

Bragg grating inscription in CYTOP polymer optical fibre using a femtosecond laser

Bragg grating inscription in CYTOP polymer optical fibre using a femtosecond laser

Development of MEMS using biodegradable polymer material

True Time Delay Photonic Circuit Based on Perfluorpolymer Waveguides

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