Ultra-low density carbon foams produced by pulsed laser deposition

Zani, Alessandro; Dellasega, David; Russo, Valeria; Passoni, M.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2013.01.029

Cited by 97 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Our C compact films could therefore originate from ∼40 eV C ions. The porous films arose instead from the aggregation of nanoclusters with energies on the order of the eV [15], typical of particles in regions shadowed from the main plasma [1]. The results here reported for C could be easily extended to other tokamak relevant materials.…”

Section: Contaminants Depositionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Increasing the He pressure to 60 Pa and d T −S to 9 cm the kinetic energy of the C species is low enough to allow the formation of porous films with open morphology and an average thickness of ∼ 2µm [5,15].…”

Section: Contaminants Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compact films can be regarded as amorphous carbon, with an almost complete loss of crystalline order and a small fraction (≤ 15%) of sp 3 bonds. Porous C films are made of a nearly pure sp 2 network of disordered, nanometric graphitic domains [15] To allow the subimplatation of C ions, a process necessary to trigger the formation of sp 3 bonds in the growing film, a threshold energy of 32 eV per C ion is needed [17]. Considering PLD deposition, it was found that C ions with an average energy of ∼50 eV leads to ∼35 % of sp 3 bonds [18].…”

Section: Contaminants Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Laser cleaning of diagnostic mirrors from tokamak-like carbon contaminants

Maffini

Uccello

Dellasega

et al. 2015

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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This paper presents a laboratory-scale experimental investigation of laser cleaning of diagnostic First Mirrors (FMs). Redeposition of contaminants sputtered from tokamak first wall onto FMs surface could dramatically decrease their reflectivity in an unacceptable way for the functioning of the plasma diagnostic systems. Laser cleaning is a promising solution to tackle this issue. In this work, pulsed laser deposition was exploited to produce rhodium films functional as FMs and to deposit onto them carbon contaminants with tailored features, resembling those found in tokamaks. The same laser system was also used to perform laser cleaning experiments by means of a sample handling procedure that allows to clean some cm 2 in few minutes. The cleaning effectiveness was evaluated in terms of specular reflectivity recovery and mirror surface integrity. The effect of different laser wavelengths (λ = 1064, 266 nm) on the cleaning process is also addressed.

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Section: Contaminants Depositionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Contaminants Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Contaminants Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser cleaning of diagnostic mirrors from tokamak-like carbon contaminants

Maffini

Uccello

Dellasega

et al. 2015

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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“…Foam-like structures were obtained in inert atmosphere at low pressure. 45,46 In the work, 47 formation of nets with a dimension 2.2 was observed, the formation of carbon clusters at combustion and detonation of gas mixtures was investigated, and clusters of different modifications we obtained, from fullerene-like to long branched carbon structures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the mechanism of carbon nanostructures formation at reaction of organic compounds at high pressure and temperature

Satonkina

Медведев

2017

AIP Advances

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Based on the analysis of the data on the behavior of electric conductivity at the detonation of condensed high explosives (HEs) with the composition CHNO and the carbon mass fraction higher than 0.1, the conclusion was made of the presence of long carbon nanostructures. These structures penetrate all the space of reacting HE. The structures are formed already in the chemical peak region, and they evolve along the detonation wave.

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“…Concerning the near critical density targets, they might be achieved with tunable density profiles by the advanced micro/nanofabrication technologies 37 . For instance, targets with the density range of 1-1000 mg/cm 3 can be fabricated by the pulsed laser deposition technique 38 . With the idea of the layer-by-layer nanoarchitectonics, nanotube films have been recently structured on the nanometer scale to provide near critical density targets 39 .…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collisionless electrostatic shock formation and ion acceleration in intense laser interactions with near critical density plasmas

Liu

Weng

et al. 2016

Physics of Plasmas

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1 Laser-driven collisonless electrostatic shock formation and the subsequent ion acceleration have been studied in near critical density plasmas. Particle-in-cell simulations show that both the speed of laser-driven collisionless electrostatic shock and the energies of shock-accelerated ions can be greatly enhanced due to fast laser propagation in near critical density plasmas. However, a response time longer than tens of laser wave cycles is required before the shock formation in a near critical density plasma, in contrast to the quick shock formation in a highly overdense target. More important, we find that some ions can be reflected by the collisionless shock even if the electrostatic potential jump across the shock is smaller than the ion kinetic energy in the shock frame, which seems against the conventional ion-reflection condition. These anomalous ion reflections are attributed to the strongly time-oscillating electric field accompanying laser-driven collisionless shock in a near critical density plasma.

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Ultra-low density carbon foams produced by pulsed laser deposition

Cited by 97 publications

References 50 publications

Laser cleaning of diagnostic mirrors from tokamak-like carbon contaminants

Laser cleaning of diagnostic mirrors from tokamak-like carbon contaminants

On the mechanism of carbon nanostructures formation at reaction of organic compounds at high pressure and temperature

Collisionless electrostatic shock formation and ion acceleration in intense laser interactions with near critical density plasmas

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