Ultra-high strength polyethylene by hot drawing of surface growth fibers

Smook, Jan; Torfs, J. C. M.; Hutten, Paul F. van; Pennings, A. J.

doi:10.1007/bf00266703

Cited by 79 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The surface method has been developed by Pennings et al [4] and Keller et al [5], and the best values of the Young modulus and the tensile strength for specimens produced were 142 GPa [5] and 4.7 GPa [4], respectively. The gel deformation has been weUknown as an ultradrawing method, which was first produced by Smith, Lemstra, Kalb, and Pennings [11] and was mainly developed by Smith and Lemstra [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods are based on the idea that the theoretically attainable Young modulus and the tensile strength can be realized if the extended chains are fully aligned and if the specimen is almost completely crystalline. Among these methods, the surface growth method [4][5] and the gel deformation method [11][12][13][14] can be enumerated as the representive examples. Interestingly, a linear polyethylene with ultra-high molecular weight was used as specimen for both methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic mechanical behavior of ultradrawn polyethylene films produced by gelation/crystallization from solution

Sawatari

Matsuo

1985

Colloid & Polymer Sci

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This paper is concerned with the temperature dependence of mechanical properties of ultradrawn polyethylene in terms of storage modulus E' and loss factor tan 6 by the measurement of the complex dynamic tensile modulus over ranges of temperature from 20 to 140 ~ Interestingly, E' of a specimen with drawn ratio of 300 is about 120 GPa at 140 ~ when the measurement is carried out at a frequency of 100 Hz. This is a very high value. In addition, the drawn specimens were irradiated to try to produce ultradrawn polyethylene films with more excellent mechanical and thermal properties. However, the melting peak shifts to a lower temperature with increasing radiation dose. This result is probably attributed to the considerably radiation-induced scission of extended chains constructing crystals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic mechanical behavior of ultradrawn polyethylene films produced by gelation/crystallization from solution

Sawatari

Matsuo

1985

Colloid & Polymer Sci

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“…9 and Keller et a/. 10 and the maximum values of the Young's modulus and tensile strength of specimens produced, were 142 and 4.…”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular Weight Dependence on the Morphological Properties of Polyethylene Gels

Sawatari

Okumura

Matsuo

1986

Polym J

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ABSTRACT:Polyethylene gels were prepared by gelation/crystallization from dilute decalin solutions using five kinds of polyethylenes with different molecular weights and degrees of branching. The decalin was allowed to evaporate from the gels under ambient condition in order to prepare dry gels. The dry gel of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWP) of M w = 6 x 10 6 forms a film but the other low molecular weight polyethylenes (LMWP) with molecular weight lower than 3 x I 0 5 do not form a film. In order to investigate such a difference, the morphological properties of five kinds of dry gels were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, polarized microscopy, small angle light scattering, and small angle X-ray scattering. Within LMWP dry gels, observation reveals spherulitic textures whose crystal lamellae are rotated around a radial direction. In contrast, within the dry gels of UHMWP, there exists rodlike textures as assemblies of large lamellar crystals which are highly oriented with their fiat faces parallel to the film surface. To assure ultradrawing up to consistently high draw ratio, a suitable number of entanglements should be formed by tie molecules which connect the crystal lamellae.

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“…For relatively low drawing temperatures, very loosely packed fibrillar structures are obtained, whereas higher draw- ing temperatures result in more dense structures due to melting/recrystallization [28][29][30][31][32]. The drawing temperature commonly used in our laboratory is in the range 144 to 148~ During drawing at these temperatures the porosity on a 100rim scale is largely eliminated [24,30,33]. Fig.…”

Section: Voids In Hot-drawn Gel-spun Polyethylene Fibresmentioning

confidence: 98%

SAXS experiments on voids in gel-spun polyethylene fibres

1990

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The morphology and properties of extracted gel-spun polyethylene fibres depend on the spinning conditions. The main structures in the extracted fibre are shish-kebabs and lamellae. Equatorial small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments show that the former structure is very porous due to the presence of lamellar overgrowth preventing a close package of the backbone fibrils, whereas the latter structure is relatively dense. After hot-drawing, due to melting/recrystallization, both structures are transformed on a 100 nm scale into a dense structure consisting of shish-kebabs or fibrils containing a void volume fraction of about 1%, as revealed by the scattering power of equatorial SAXS experiments. Moreover, a slight decrease of the equatorial intensity especially at the smallest angles after treating the hot-drawn fibres with paraffin oil, points to a small contribution of multiple scattering to the equatorial scattering. This implies the presence of a superstructure of not too closely packed macrofibrils. SAXS measurements of strained ultra-high-strength polyethylene fibres show that no or very little void formation is involved in the fracture mechanism. Most probably this is due to the (partly) fibrillar structure.

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Ultra-high strength polyethylene by hot drawing of surface growth fibers

Cited by 79 publications

References 9 publications

Dynamic mechanical behavior of ultradrawn polyethylene films produced by gelation/crystallization from solution

Dynamic mechanical behavior of ultradrawn polyethylene films produced by gelation/crystallization from solution

Molecular Weight Dependence on the Morphological Properties of Polyethylene Gels

SAXS experiments on voids in gel-spun polyethylene fibres

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