Ultimate Masticatory Force as a Criterion in Implant Selection

Abstract

Osseointegrated implants often fail because of excessive masticatory forces that cause extremely large stresses in bone tissue. We hypothesized that a proper dental implant could be selected by comparing the ultimate masticatory forces of a wide range of commercially available implants. We determined ultimate oblique masticatory forces for different cylindrical implants, taking into consideration the biomechanical correlation between implant dimensions and stresses in supporting bone. For this purpose, we used the finite element (FE) method and studied von Mises stresses in implant-bone interface areas to evaluate the influence of implant dimensions on stress concentration and on the value of an implant's ultimate masticatory load. Geometric models of a mandibular segment were generated from computed tomography (CT) images and were analyzed with osseointegrated cylindrical implants. Masticatory forces were applied in their natural direction. All materials were assumed to be linearly elastic and isotropic. Critical point in the peri-implant area of bone was determined. The ultimate value of the masticatory load, which generates ultimate stresses at the critical point, was calculated for each implant. These findings provide correct selection of implant dimensions in clinical cases, because corresponding ultimate values of masticatory force were used as a criterion for assessment of their load-carrying capacity and applicability.

Minimization of dental implant diameter and length according to bone quality determined by finite element analysis and optimized calculation

“…In most FE studies [13][14][15][16], stress and strain in bone were evaluated under the maximum occlusal load or a larger load than that in our study. However, in the mechanostat theory, the assumed load is the "typical peak voluntary mechanical loads that refers to the largest repeated and intentional loads on bones exerted by intentional activities during a typical week or month".…”

Finite Element Analysis in Dental Medicine

“…Another significant factor is bone quality, in mechanical terms; this is determined by bone strength. Increase in implant length and diameter leads to reduction of stress magnitudes within the cortical bone [41]. FEA study shows that non-submerged implants showed higher stress values in the peri-implant bone than submerged ones and the use of soft liner materials considerably reduces the stress levels in the peri-impant bone interfaces.…”

“…The failure is associated with bone loss around an implant neck. Bone loss can be activated by excessive implant loading, as by bacterial infection or trauma [41]. Mechanical stress can have positive and negative consequences for bone tissue and for maintaining osseointegration of an oral implant [9].…”

“…Mechanical stress can have positive and negative consequences for bone tissue and for maintaining osseointegration of an oral implant [9]. The prognosis for stress concentration at the bone-implant interface is of the utmost importance in dental implant research [41]. FEA has been widely used in the field of oral implantology to estimate peri-implant stress and strain [42].…”

A Research on Structured Analysis of Biomaterial of Dental Implant in Computer Aided Biomechanical Engineering Modelling

“…Dental implants are currently used to replace missing teeth, to rebuild the craniofacial skeleton, to provide anchorage during orthodontic treatments and even to help new bone formation in the process of distraction osteogenesis [3]. Biocompatible titanium and titanium alloys materials are used for dental implants for their excellent corrosion resistance and suitable mechanical properties [4]. Although titanium implants available commercially at present have got many disadvantages such as mismatches between the elastic modulus of the implant and of the bone, di erent bonding strength between the implant and the bone [5].…”