Ultimate Behavior of Lead Rubber Bearings Under Horizontal Bi-Directional Deformation

Practical application of lead rubber bearings with fail‐safe mechanism

“…This is due to the inconsistency of the directions of the restoring force and the damping force . The torsion of LRB is relatively small compared to that of HDR and both sectional shapes of the bearing (circular or square) and the number of lead plugs do not significantly influence the amount of torsional deformation of LRB . In contrast, the rubber part of general elastomeric slider bearings have different vertical distribution in the torsional strain compared to rubber bearings due to the asymmetric degree of fixation at the upper and lower ends .…”

“…The effect of torsional behavior on the maximum shear strain of the LRB component in bi‐directional loading shall be quantitatively evaluated because the fundamental concept of FSLRB is to initiate sliding before the LRB component exhibits an excessive shear strain. Moreover, the significance of both bi‐directional dynamic loading and the utilization of actual‐size specimens in isolation device testing is widely known as a result of progress in experimental studies . Considering the aforementioned facts, the authors conducted a variety of tests, including bi‐directional dynamic loading tests of actual‐size FSLRB specimens.…”