Ulama Perempuan Indonesia: Resistensi Terhadap Konstruksi Sosial Patriarki

Abstract

This paper aims to explain the position and role of Indonesian Women's Ulama in responding to the social problems of women in the patriarchal culture of Ulamā’ which is dominated by male Ulamā’ in Indonesia. Using Peter L.Berger and Luckmann's (1966) social construction theory, this paper seeks to explore the capacity of Indonesian Women’s Ulama in solving socio-religious problems, especially in the field of female law and social issues in Indonesia. Law-making in Indonesia cannot be separated from the patriarchal construction built by the intellectual hegemony of male Ulamā’ (Islamic scholars) and the existence of social inequality between men and women in the dominance of social interpretations which results in the dominance of masculinity in the public sector. This paper uses qualitative research methods with data collection techniques in the form of observation and documentation. The conclusions of this paper are 1) the intellectual ahistorism of women socially constructed through verbalization, visualization, and adaptation in the socio-cultural scientific tradition; 2) the cultural backwardness experienced by women when men step forward in their socio-cultural intellect in the public sector such as law, education, politics and economics.

Pernikahan Anak Usia Dini dan Konstruksi Identitas Gender: Analisis Teori Peter L. Berger (Studi di Desa Pandansari Poncokusumo Kabupaten Malang)

“…Poncokusumo, Kabupaten Malang Secara umum, banyak alasan yang mendorong pernikahan dini. Beberapa di antaranya adalah karena masalah ekonomi, tradisi, kecelakaan yang menyebabkan hamil di luar nikah (dikenal sebagai pernikahan secara tidak sengaja) / married by accident, kurangnya pengetahuan, atau bahkan orang tua (Muhammad Chabibi, 2021). Berikut peneliti mengungkapkan beberapa faktor penyebab pernikahan dini di Desa Pandansari, Poncokusumo, Kabupaten Malang, yaitu faktor ekonomi keluarga, tradisi, adanya kecelakaan yang menyebabkan hamil diluar nikah dan rendahnya pengetahuan.…”