Uji Mutu dan Keefektifan Metarhizium anisopliae Isolat Kalimantan Tengah Terhadap Oryctes rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) [Quality Test and Effectiveness of Metarhizium anisopliae Isolates From Central Kalimantan Against Oryctes rhinocerus]

Abstract

ABSTRAKHama Oryctes rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) merupakan hama penting tanaman kelapa . Pengendalian O. rhinoceros dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara yaitu secara fisik, mekanik, hayati, dan kimiawi. Cendawan Metarhizium anisopliae merupakan agens hayati yang dapat menekan perkembangan hama O. rhinoceros. Efektivitas cendawan M. anisopliae sangat ditentukan oleh kualitas/mutu konidia cendawan tersebut yang meliputi kerapatan, viabilitas dan patogenitasnya terhadap hama sasaran. Untuk itu telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui mutu dan keefektifan agens pengendali hayati M. anisopliae isolat Kalimantan Tengah terhadap O. rhinoceros. Pengujian dilakukan di Laboratorium Hama Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat (Balittro) dan di sekitar rumah kasa di Balittro, Bogor. Isolat cendawan M. anisopliae yang digunakan berasal dari Kalteng, sedangkan larva O. rhinoceros berasal dari Yogyakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Cendawan M. anisopliae isolat Kalteng memiliki kerapatan konidia di atas 10 8 , sedangkan viabilitasnya di atas 90%. Patogenisitas terhadap larva O. rhinoceros > 50%. Karakter ini menunjukkan mutu yang baik dari cendawan tersebut sebagai agens pengendali hayati. Cendawan M. anisopliae isolat Kalteng pada konsentrasi 10 6 dan 10 8 dapat mematikan 90% larva O. rhinoceros instar 3 pada kondisi lapangan. Sehingga kedua konsentrasi tersebut dapat digunakan dalam mengendalikan O. rhinoceros di lapangan..Kata Kunci: viabilitas, patogenitas, kerapatan konidia, M. anisopliae, kelapa ABSTRACT Oryctes rhinoceros (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) is an importan pest on coconut trees. Control of O. rhinoceros can be done in various ways, such as by physical, mechanical, biological, and chemical. The fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is a biological agent that can suppress the development of the O. rhinoceros . Effectiveness of M. anisopliae fungus is largely determined by the quality/grade conidia of the fungus consist of its density, viability and patogenicity against the target pest. For that, studies have been conducted to determine the quality and effectiveness biological control of M. anisopliae isolates Kalteng (Central Kalimantan) against O. rhinoceros. Tests conducted in the Entomology Laboratory of Research Institute for Spices and Medicinal Crops (Balittro), and around the home screen in Balittro, Bogor. The fungus M. anisopliae isolates originating from Central Kalimantan (Kalteng), while the larvae of O. rhinoceros from Yogyakarta. The resultsshowed that the fungus conidia M. anisopliae isolates Kalteng has a density of over 10 8 , while the viability above 90%. Pathogenicity to larvae of O. Rhinoceros > 50%. This character indicates a good quality of these fungi as biological control agent. The fungus of M. anisopliae isolates Kalteng at concentrations of 10 6 and 10 8 can killed up to 90% third instar O. rhinoceros larvae in field conditions. So both these concentrations can be used in the control of O. rhinoceros in the field.

Shoot Borers Beetle Pest of Coconut (Oryctes rhinoceros L.) Investment at Agave spp

“…Coconut shoot borer pests have been known as pests that attack coconut or oil palm plants with a reduced population of coconut plants on the island of Java there is a tendency to move habitat from coconuts in plants other than coconut including agave or which is still one genus with coconut. (Siswanto & Trisawa, 2018) reported that coconut shoot borer beetle pests also attack sago, sugarcane, and nenas plants.…”

“…In 2015 obtained ISSN: 2614-1558 | 90 information on the attack of coconut shoot borer pests (Oryctes rhinoceros L.) as it attacks on coconut and oil palm crops. According to (Siswanto & Trisawa, 2018) in addition to palms, betel nut, sago, pineapple and bananas, the Agave plant is one of the minor hosts of the coconut shoot borer pest.…”