UHPLC‐Q‐TOF MS‐Based Metabolic Analysis for the Therapeutic Efficacy of “Xuebijing Injection” against Sepsis‐Induced Acute Lung Injury

Abstract

“Xuebijing Injection” (XBJ) is a traditional Chinese medicine and has been wildly used in the treatment of sepsis in China. However, few studies have reported the use of XBJ in sepsis with acute lung injury (ALI). This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of XBJ against sepsis-induced ALI. Generally a total of 27 mice were equally randomized into three groups: a sham group was given saline before sham operation. A sepsis group received the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) operation only. A sepsis+XBJ group, XBJ, was injected at 72, 48, and 24 h before CLP operation. The lung tissue was collected for UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS profiling analysis, biomarker identification, and pathway analysis. With the analysis of principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), forty-five purine, amino acid, and sphingolipid metabolites in lung tissues were identified as potential biomarkers of sepsis-induced ALI, among which 22 were reversed in the sepsis+XBJ group significantly. Conclusively, our results suggest that purine metabolic pathway, glutathione metabolic pathway, sphingomyelin metabolic pathway, arachidonic acid metabolic pathway, and phospholipid metabolic pathway may be the potential therapeutic pathways to overcome sepsis-induced acute lung injury and we provided the potential mechanisms of protective effects of XBJ against ALI.

UPLC–Q-TOF/MS-Based Plasma and Urine Metabolomics Contribute to the Diagnosis of Sepsis

“…The changes of lysoPC can evaluate the effect of treatment and help in the prediction of mortality in ICU patients with sepsis. − On the other hand, in septic patients, sphingolipid is similar to other lipids, showing a trend of substantial decline. This trend can be reversed after treatment . However, in this study, sphinganine increased in the sepsis group.…”

XueFu ZhuYu Decoction Alleviates Cardiopulmonary Bypass-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome-Dependent Pyroptosis by Inhibiting IkB-α/NF-κB Pathway in Acute Lung Injury Rats

“…Previous studies have shown that XFZYD can significantly improve lung injury induced by sepsis and LPS [ 20 ]. XFZYD can reduce endothelial dysfunction and maintain endothelial function homeostasis by inhibiting ROS-induced oxidative stress, thereby inhibiting the inflammatory response and reducing apoptosis [ 21 , 22 ].…”

A sesquiterpene isolated from the stems and leaves of Dioscorea opposita thunb. Transforms the composition of immune cells through ERβ in a mouse model of LPS-induced lung injury

“…For example, Lan et al. found that salidroside can reduce the content of some pro-inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), in mice with ALI [ 9 ]. Shi et al.…”

“…Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) research has become increasingly popular [6,7,8], and studies have shown that a variety of natural compounds extracted from such plants can effectively regulate ALI. For example, Lan et al found that salidroside can reduce the content of some pro-inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), in mice with ALI [9]. Shi et al demonstrated that injections composed of rutin, chlorogenic acid, and ferulic acid can regulate ALI by participating in the metabolism of fatty acids, amino acids, and purines in mice with ALI [10].…”