UGT74AF3 enzymes specifically catalyze the glucosylation of 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethylfuran-3(2H)-one, an important volatile compound in Camellia sinensis

Herbivore‐induced plant volatiles play important ecological roles in defense against stresses. However, if and which volatile(s) are involved in the plant–plant communication in response to herbivorous insects in tea plants remains unknown. Here, plant–plant communication experiments confirm that volatiles emitted from insects‐attacked tea plants can trigger plant resistance and reduce the risk of herbivore damage by inducing jasmonic acid (JA) accumulation in neighboring plants. The emission of six compounds was significantly induced by geometrid Ectropis obliqua, one of the most common pests of the tea plant in China. Among them, (E)‐4,8‐dimethyl‐1,3,7‐nonatriene (DMNT) could induce the accumulation of JA and thus promotes the resistance of neighboring intact plants to herbivorous insects. CsCYP82D47 was identified for the first time as a P450 enzyme, which catalyzes the final step in the biosynthesis of DMNT from (E)‐nerolidol. Down‐regulation of CsCYP82D47 in tea plants resulted in a reduced accumulation of DMNT and significantly reduced the release of DMNT in response to the feeding of herbivorous insects. The first evidence for plant–plant communication in response to herbivores in tea plants will help to understand how plants respond to volatile cues in response to herbivores and provide new insight into the role(s) of DMNT in tea plants.

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“…Real‐time PCR was performed according to published protocols (Chen et al, 2020). The gene‐specific primer sequences are provided in Table S2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbivore‐induced DMNT catalyzed by CYP82D47 plays an important role in the induction of JA‐dependent herbivore resistance of neighboring tea plants

Jing

Gao

et al. 2020

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…The tea plant is one of the most economically important crop species in China, Japan, India, and Kenya. Tea plants synthesize, accumulate, and emit many volatile compounds, which play important roles in tea quality and plant performance 13 , 14 . Cold and drought are major environmental factors that affect the natural geographic distribution of plants 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amplification of early drought responses caused by volatile cues emitted from neighboring tea plants

et al. 2021

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Plants have developed sophisticated mechanisms to survive in dynamic environments. Plants can communicate via volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to warn neighboring plants of threats. In most cases, VOCs act as positive regulators of plant defense. However, the communication and role of volatiles in response to drought stress are poorly understood. Here, we showed that tea plants release numerous VOCs. Among them, methyl salicylate (MeSA), benzyl alcohol, and phenethyl alcohol markedly increased under drought stress. Interestingly, further experiments revealed that drought-induced MeSA lowered the abscisic acid (ABA) content in neighboring plants by reducing 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) gene expression, resulting in inhibition of stomatal closure and ultimately decreasing early drought tolerance in neighboring plants. Exogenous application of ABA reduced the wilting of tea plants caused by MeSA exposure. Exposure of Nicotiana benthamiana to MeSA also led to severe wilting, indicating that the ability of drought-induced MeSA to reduce early drought tolerance in neighboring plants may be conserved in other plant species. Taken together, these results provide evidence that drought-induced volatiles can reduce early drought tolerance in neighboring plants and lay a novel theoretical foundation for optimizing plant density and spacing.

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“…Heterologous protein expression and purification were carried out following the methods of a previous study (Chen et al, 2020c) with slight modifications. The full-length sequence of CsGES was digested with Bam H1 and Sma l1, and the resulting gene fragments were cloned into the expression vector pGEX-4T-1 (Amersham Biosciences, Freiburg, Germany).…”

Section: Heterologous Protein Expression and Purificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fluorescent quantitative cDNA templates were synthesized by reverse transcription using Hifair® III First-Strand cDNA Synthesis SuperMix for qPCR (gDNA digester plus) kit. Real-time PCR was performed according to previously published protocols (Chen et al, 2020c) using the gene-specific primer sequences (Table S1). The glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH ) gene was used as an internal reference gene, and relative expression levels were calculated using the 2 -Δ῝Τ method (Jing et al, 2020).…”

Section: Quantitative Real-time Pcr Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A monoterpene synthase regulates geraniol formation and plant defense via alternative splicing in tea plants

Jiang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Geraniol is an important contributor to the pleasant floral scent of tea products and one of the most abundant aroma compounds in tea plants; however, its biosynthesis and physiological function in response to stress in tea plants remain unclear. Here, we studied eight terpene synthases with expression levels that were correlated with geraniol accumulation in different tissues of tea plants. The proteins encoded by the full-length terpene synthase ( CsTPS1) and its alternative splicing isoform ( CsTPS1- AS) could catalyze the formation of geraniol when GPP was used as a substrate in vitro, whereas the expression of CsTPS1- AS was only significantly induced by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Neopestalotiopsis sp. infection. Silencing of CsTPS1 and CsTPS1- AS resulted in a significant decrease in the geraniol content in tea plants. The geraniol content and antifungal activity of tea plants were compared when CsTPS1 and CsTPS1- AS were silenced. Down-regulation of the expression of CsTPS1- AS reduced the accumulation of geraniol, and the silenced tea plants exhibited greater susceptibility to pathogen infection than control plants. However, the geraniol content and pathogen resistance of CsTPS1-silenced plants and control plants did not significantly differ. Further analysis showed that silencing of CsTPS1- AS led to a decrease in the expression of the defense-related genes PR1 and PR2 and the expression of SA pathway-related genes in tea plants, which increased the susceptibility of tea plants to pathogenic fungal infections . Both in vitro and in vivo results indicated that CsTPS1 is involved in the regulation of geraniol formation and plant defense via alternative splicing in tea plants. The results of this study provide new insights into geraniol biosynthesis and highlight the role of monoterpene synthases in modulating plant disease resistance via alternative splicing.

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UGT74AF3 enzymes specifically catalyze the glucosylation of 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethylfuran-3(2H)-one, an important volatile compound in Camellia sinensis

Cited by 21 publications

References 49 publications

Herbivore‐induced DMNT catalyzed by CYP82D47 plays an important role in the induction of JA‐dependent herbivore resistance of neighboring tea plants

Herbivore‐induced DMNT catalyzed by CYP82D47 plays an important role in the induction of JA‐dependent herbivore resistance of neighboring tea plants

Amplification of early drought responses caused by volatile cues emitted from neighboring tea plants

A monoterpene synthase regulates geraniol formation and plant defense via alternative splicing in tea plants

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