UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase influences polysaccharide synthesis, cell wall components, and hyphal branching in Ganoderma lucidum via regulation of the balance between glucose-1-phosphate and UDP-glucose

Li, Mengjiao; Chen, Tianxi; Gao, Tieren; Miao, Zhigang; Jiang, Ailiang; Shi, Liang; Ren, Ang; Zhao, Mingwen

doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2015.07.012

Cited by 62 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The Ca 2ϩ signal-mediated regulation of hyphal branching has also been reported in our previous study: UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP) affected hyphal branching by regulating the cytosolic Ca 2ϩ concentration (43), and Ca 2ϩ regulated hyphal branching in Nox-silenced strains (26). However, Li et al reported that reactive oxygen species (ROS), not cytosolic Ca 2ϩ , have the greatest influence on hyphal branching in Gpx-silenced strains (32).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Heat Stress Modulates Mycelium Growth, Heat Shock Protein Expression, Ganoderic Acid Biosynthesis, and Hyphal Branching of Ganoderma lucidum via Cytosolic Ca ²⁺

Zhang

Ren

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Heat stress (HS) influences the growth and development of organisms. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of how organisms sense HS and respond to it is required. Ganoderma lucidum, a higher basidiomycete with bioactive secondary metabolites, has become a potential model system due to the complete sequencing of its genome, transgenic systems, and reliable reverse genetic tools. In this study, we found that HS inhibited mycelium growth, reduced hyphal branching, and induced the accumulation of ganoderic acid biosynthesis and heat shock proteins (HSPs) in G. lucidum. Our data showed that HS induced a significant increase in cytosolic Ca 2؉ concentration. Further evidence showed that Ca 2؉ might be a factor in the HS-mediated regulation of hyphal branching, ganoderic acid (GA) biosynthesis, and the accumulation of HSPs. Our results further showed that the calcium-permeable channel gene (cch)-silenced and phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase gene (plc)-silenced strains reduced the HS-induced increase in HSP expression compared with that observed for the wild type (WT). This study demonstrates that cytosolic Ca 2؉ participates in heat shock signal transduction and regulates downstream events in filamentous fungi. IMPORTANCEGanoderma lucidum, a higher basidiomycete with bioactive secondary metabolites, has become a potential model system for evaluating how environmental factors regulate the development and secondary metabolism of basidiomycetes. Heat stress (HS) is an important environmental challenge. In this study, we found that HS inhibited mycelium growth, reduced hyphal branching, and induced HSP expression and ganoderic acid biosynthesis in G. lucidum. Further evidence showed that Ca 2؉ might be a factor in the HS-mediated regulation of hyphal branching, GA biosynthesis, and the accumulation of HSPs. This study demonstrates that cytosolic Ca 2؉ participates in heat shock signal transduction and regulates downstream events in filamentous fungi. Our research offers a new way to understand the mechanism underlying the physiological and metabolic responses to other environmental factors in G. lucidum. This research may also provide the basis for heat shock signal transduction studies of other fungi. Ganoderma lucidum, a traditional precious medicinal mushroom, has been commonly used throughout China and Southeast Asia for many centuries as a home remedy for treating minor disorders and promoting vitality and longevity (1). Modern pharmacological and clinical research has demonstrated that G. lucidum has significant antitumor, antiviral, antihypertensive, and immunomodulatory activities (2, 3). These pharmaceutical activities come from the bioactive compounds of G. lucidum. In recent years, many of these biologically useful compounds, including ganoderic acids (GAs) and polysaccharides, have been isolated and characterized in G. lucidum (4,5). Ganoderic acids, also called triterpenoids, are one of the major secondary metabolites with pharmacological activity and are also known to be an important medicinal i...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Heat Stress Modulates Mycelium Growth, Heat Shock Protein Expression, Ganoderic Acid Biosynthesis, and Hyphal Branching of Ganoderma lucidum via Cytosolic Ca ²⁺

Zhang

Ren

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…As shown in Figure 8, the polysaccharide bioflocculant yield and flocculating activity of recombinant pHY300PLK-gtaB2 were enhanced by 13.3% and 71.05%, respectively. UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP) has been previously reported as a key enzyme involved in carbohydrate metabolism, with effects on polysaccharide synthesis (Li et al, 2015a). Our results were in good agreement with this report.…”

Section: Effect Of Enhanced Expression Of Differential Gene On Eps Yieldsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…S2). UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP) has been previously reported as a key enzyme involved in carbohydrate metabolism, with effects on polysaccharide synthesis (Li et al, 2015a). UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGP) has been previously reported as a key enzyme involved in carbohydrate metabolism, with effects on polysaccharide synthesis (Li et al, 2015a).…”

Section: Effect Of Enhanced Expression Of Differential Gene On Eps Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of key genes involved in polysaccharide bioflocculant synthesis in Bacillus licheniformis

Chen

Liu

et al. 2016

Biotech & Bioengineering

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The present study reports the sequenced genome of Bacillus licheniformis CGMCC 2876, which is composed of a 4,284,461 bp chromosome that contains 4,188 protein-coding genes, 72 tRNA genes, and 21 rRNA genes. Additional analysis revealed an eps gene cluster with 16 open reading frames. Conserved Domains Database analysis combined with qPCR experiments indicated that all genes in this cluster were involved in polysaccharide bioflocculant synthesis. Phosphoglucomutase and UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase were supposed to be key enzymes in polysaccharide secretion in B. licheniformis. A biosynthesis pathway for the production of polysaccharide bioflocculant involving the integration of individual genes was proposed based on functional analysis. Overexpression of epsDEF from the eps gene cluster in B. licheniformis CGMCC 2876 increased the flocculating activity of the recombinant strain by 90% compared to the original strain. Similarly, the crude yield of polysaccharide bioflocculant was enhanced by 27.8%. Overexpression of the UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase gene not only increased the flocculating activity by 71% but also increased bioflocculant yield by 13.3%. Independent of UDP-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine dehydrogenase gene, flocculating activity, and polysaccharide yield were negatively impacted by overexpression of the UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase gene. Overall, epsDEF and gtaB2 were identified as key genes for polysaccharide bioflocculant synthesis in B. licheniformis. These results will be useful for further engineering of B. licheniformis for industrial bioflocculant production. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 645-655. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…UDP-glucose is generated from glucose-1P through UTP-glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase and is further catalyzed by UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase to produce UDP-alpha- d -glucuronate [31]. Transcripts encoding UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase were found to be significantly down-regulated under nitrogen starvation (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated analysis of transcriptome and metabolites reveals an essential role of metabolic flux in starch accumulation under nitrogen starvation in duckweed

Zhao

et al. 2017

Biotechnol Biofuels

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BackgroundDuckweed is considered a promising source of energy due to its high starch content and rapid growth rate. Starch accumulation in duckweed involves complex processes that depend on the balanced expression of genes controlled by various environmental and endogenous factors. Previous studies showed that nitrogen starvation induces a global stress response and results in the accumulation of starch in duckweed. However, relatively little is known about the mechanisms underlying the regulation of starch accumulation under conditions of nitrogen starvation.ResultsIn this study, we used next-generation sequencing technology to examine the transcriptome responses of Lemna aequinoctialis 6000 at three stages (0, 3, and 7 days) during nitrogen starvation in the presence of exogenously applied sucrose. Overall, 2522, 628, and 1832 differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) were discovered for the treated and control samples. Clustering and enrichment analysis of DEGs revealed several biological processes occurring under nitrogen starvation. Genes involved in nitrogen metabolism showed the earliest responses to nitrogen starvation, whereas genes involved in carbohydrate biosynthesis were responded subsequently. The expression of genes encoding nitrate reductase, glutamine synthetase, and glutamate synthase was down-regulated under nitrogen starvation. The expression of unigenes encoding enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis was up-regulated, while the majority of unigenes involved in glycolysis were down-regulated. The metabolite results showed that more ADP-Glc was accumulated and lower levels of UDP-Glc were accumulated under nitrogen starvation, the activity of AGPase was significantly increased while the activity of UGPase was dramatically decreased. These changes in metabolite levels under nitrogen starvation are roughly consistent with the gene expression changes in the transcriptome.ConclusionsBased on these results, it can be concluded that the increase of ADP-glucose and starch contents under nitrogen starvation is a consequence of increased output from the gluconeogenesis and TCA pathways, accompanied with the reduction of lipids and pectin biosynthesis. The results provide novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of starch accumulation during nitrogen starvation, which provide a foundation for the improvement of advanced bioethanol production in duckweed.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13068-017-0851-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase influences polysaccharide synthesis, cell wall components, and hyphal branching in Ganoderma lucidum via regulation of the balance between glucose-1-phosphate and UDP-glucose

Cited by 62 publications

References 52 publications

Heat Stress Modulates Mycelium Growth, Heat Shock Protein Expression, Ganoderic Acid Biosynthesis, and Hyphal Branching of Ganoderma lucidum via Cytosolic Ca ²⁺

Heat Stress Modulates Mycelium Growth, Heat Shock Protein Expression, Ganoderic Acid Biosynthesis, and Hyphal Branching of Ganoderma lucidum via Cytosolic Ca ²⁺

Identification of key genes involved in polysaccharide bioflocculant synthesis in Bacillus licheniformis

Integrated analysis of transcriptome and metabolites reveals an essential role of metabolic flux in starch accumulation under nitrogen starvation in duckweed

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UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase influences polysaccharide synthesis, cell wall components, and hyphal branching in Ganoderma lucidum via regulation of the balance between glucose-1-phosphate and UDP-glucose

Cited by 62 publications

References 52 publications

Heat Stress Modulates Mycelium Growth, Heat Shock Protein Expression, Ganoderic Acid Biosynthesis, and Hyphal Branching of Ganoderma lucidum via Cytosolic Ca 2+

Heat Stress Modulates Mycelium Growth, Heat Shock Protein Expression, Ganoderic Acid Biosynthesis, and Hyphal Branching of Ganoderma lucidum via Cytosolic Ca 2+

Identification of key genes involved in polysaccharide bioflocculant synthesis in Bacillus licheniformis

Integrated analysis of transcriptome and metabolites reveals an essential role of metabolic flux in starch accumulation under nitrogen starvation in duckweed

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Heat Stress Modulates Mycelium Growth, Heat Shock Protein Expression, Ganoderic Acid Biosynthesis, and Hyphal Branching of Ganoderma lucidum via Cytosolic Ca ²⁺

Heat Stress Modulates Mycelium Growth, Heat Shock Protein Expression, Ganoderic Acid Biosynthesis, and Hyphal Branching of Ganoderma lucidum via Cytosolic Ca ²⁺