Ubiquitination in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae: from development and pathogenicity to stress responses

Wang, Yu; Yang, Nan; Zheng, Yunna; Yue, Jiaolin; Bhadauria, Vijai; Peng, You-Liang; Chen, Qian

doi:10.1186/s42483-021-00106-w

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…6). Notably, the deletion of MoEMC leads to the degradation of misfolded Atg9 by 26S proteasome pathway (Wang et al, 2022). Therefore, EMC is a direct modulator in autophagosome formation and is important for M. oryzae pathogenicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnaporthe oryzae endoplasmic reticulum membrane complex regulates the biogenesis of membrane proteins for pathogenicity

et al. 2023

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In eukaryotes, the majority of newly synthesized integral membrane proteins are inserted into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane before transferred to their functional sites. The conserved ER membrane complex (EMC) takes part in the insertion process for tailanchored membrane proteins. However, the function of EMC in phytopathogenic fungi has not been characterized.Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of two EMC subunits MoEmc5 and MoEmc2 in Magnaporthe oryzae. The knockout mutants DMoemc5 and DMoemc2 exhibit substantial defect in autophagy, pathogenicity, cell wall integrity, and magnesium ion sensitivity.We demonstrate that the autophagy process was severely impaired in the DMoemc5 and DMoemc2 mutants because of the low-protein steady-state level of Atg9, the sole membrane-associated autophagy protein. Furthermore, the protein level of membrane proteins Chs4, Fks1, and MoMnr2 is also significantly reduced in the DMoemc5 and DMoemc2 strains, leading to their supersensitivity to Calcofluor white, Congo red, and magnesium. In addition, MoEmc5, but not MoEmc2, acts as a magnesium transporter independent of its EMC function.Magnaporthe oryzae EMC regulates the biogenesis of membrane proteins for autophagy and virulence; therefore, EMC subunits could be potential targets for fungicide design in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnaporthe oryzae endoplasmic reticulum membrane complex regulates the biogenesis of membrane proteins for pathogenicity

et al. 2023

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“…In M. oryzae , numerous signaling factors have been implicated in appressorium emergence and virulence [ 22 ]. M. oryzae would be a hemibiotrophic pathogen that goes through a biotrophic phase before transitioning to a necrotrophic phase which stimulates plant cell death [ 23 ].…”

Section: Autophagy In M Oryzaementioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Autophagy Machinery in Magnaporthe oryzae

Asif

Feng

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Plant diseases cause substantial loss to crops all over the world, reducing the quality and quantity of agricultural goods significantly. One of the world's most damaging plant diseases, rice blast poses a substantial threat to global food security. Magnaporthe oryzae causes rice blast disease, which challenges world food security by causing substantial damage in rice production annually. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved breakdown and recycling system in eukaryotes that regulate homeostasis, stress adaption, and programmed cell death. Recently, new studies found that the autophagy process plays a vital role in the pathogenicity of M .oryzae and the regulation mechanisms are gradually clarified. Here we present a brief summary of the recent advances, concentrating on the new findings of autophagy regulation mechanisms and summarize some autophagy-related techniques in rice blast fungus. This review will help readers to better understand the relationship between autophagy and the virulence of plant pathogenic fungi.

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“…The functions of ubiquitination or ubiquitin-like modification have been widely revealed in both human fungal pathogens ( C. albicans and C. neoformans ) and plant fungal pathogens ( M. oryzae , Fusarium oxysporum, and Cryphonectria parasitica ) [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. In fungal pathogens, the role of ubiquitination has been studied by analyzing ubiquitin-related genes, and it was found that ubiquitination played important roles in fungal development, stress resistance, nutrient utilization, and fungal virulence [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 25 , 27 ].…”

Section: Biological Functions Of Dubs In Different Pathogenic Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the function of ubiquitination has been well revealed [ 17 , 18 ], deubiquitination mediated by DUBs has not been well summarized in pathogenic fungi. On the one hand, similar to ubiquitination, the biological functions of DUBs are quite different.…”

Section: Biological Functions Of Dubs In Different Pathogenic Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress of Deubiquitinating Enzymes in Human and Plant Pathogenic Fungi

2022

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In eukaryotic cells, a large number of proteins are modified by ubiquitination, which leads to proteasomal degradation or change in protein function. The protein ubiquitination process can be reversed by a process called deubiquitination, which plays an important regulatory mechanism in cellular control. Deubiquitination is catalyzed by deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs); the cysteine proteases specifically cleave off ubiquitin from ubiquitinated substrates or ubiquitin precursors. Over the past two decades, components of different DUB families have been found to play important roles in both human and plant pathogenic fungi. Given the importance of DUBs for fungal development and virulence, in this review, we concentrate on recent findings and new insights into the roles of DUBs in different fungal pathogens, with a focus on infection-related morphogenesis and virulence, as well as their roles in development and stress response. We also summarize the DUBs-mediated regulatory mechanisms during the above processes. These findings should allow us to develop novel inhibitors to control fungal pathogens.

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Ubiquitination in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae: from development and pathogenicity to stress responses

Cited by 19 publications

References 60 publications

Magnaporthe oryzae endoplasmic reticulum membrane complex regulates the biogenesis of membrane proteins for pathogenicity

Magnaporthe oryzae endoplasmic reticulum membrane complex regulates the biogenesis of membrane proteins for pathogenicity

Regulation of Autophagy Machinery in Magnaporthe oryzae

Recent Progress of Deubiquitinating Enzymes in Human and Plant Pathogenic Fungi

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