Über Durchschnittswerte und Bewertungsgrundlagen einiger Weichteilmaße bei Kindern verschiedener Altersstufen

Kornfeld, W.; Schüller, Heinrich

doi:10.1007/bf02248091

Cited by 14 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Batkin (1915) used a much wider variety of sites-including three corresponding reasonably close to the modern triceps, subscapular and medial calf-in measuring skinfolds in 200 children in various states of health in 1915. Although the absolute thicknesses recorded by these early investigators are rarely comparable with modern values, the reported coefficients of variation (typically 20-30%) (Kornfeld and Schuller, 1930) are about half as large as those found today, probably a reflection of more homogeneous samples and lower levels of obesity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

One million skinfolds: secular trends in the fatness of young people 1951–2004

Olds

2009

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Background/Objectives: There are abundant data on secular trends in the body mass index (BMI) of children. However, BMI is an imperfect index of fatness, whereas skinfold thicknesses provide a more direct measure. This study aims to meta-analyse historical studies of triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses in young people aged 0-18 years in developed countries. Subjects/Methods: A total of 154 studies conducted between 1951 and 2003 were analysed, covering 2390 reports at the age Â sex Â country level, and more than 458 547 young people from 30 developed countries. Percentage body fat (% BF) was estimated using the Slaughter equations. The distribution of fat on the body was indexed by the triceps/subscapular (T/S) ratio. The skewness of skinfold distributions was operationalized by the coefficient of variation and the meanÀmedian difference. Results: There have been increases in triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses, at the rate of 0.4-0.5 mm per decade over the period . % BF has been increasing at the rate of 0.9% BF per decade. The distribution of fat on the body, as indexed by the triceps/subscapular (T/S) ratio, has become more central. There has been an increasing positive skew in the distribution of subcutaneous fat thickness in the population. Conclusions: These trends describe very unfavourable changes in the body composition of young people, foreshadowing a potential increase in the incidence of cardiovascular and metabolic disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%