Über die Wirkungsweise der Sympathicomimetica

Orzechowski, G

doi:10.1007/bf01861605

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…A sympatholytic effect of amphetamine has been reported by MALORNY and ORZE-CHOWSKI (1940), ORZECHOWSKI (1941), andWINDER et al (1948). High or repeated doses of the drug antagonized the effects of NA or A on blood pressure.…”

Section: Y) Other Effects Of Amphetamine On the Systemic Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 69%

“…review by BLASCHKO, 1952), a number of studies have confrrmed this finding for a number of species, tissues, and substrates. Thus, preparations from rat, mouse, and rabbit brain (GRANA and LILLA, 1959;GLOWINSKI et al, 1966a;GREEN, 1971;MÖLLER-Nielsen and DUBNIK, 1970;MORGAN et al, 1972b), rat, rabbit, and guinea pigliver (ORzEcHOWSKI, 1941;PRATESland BLASCHKO, 1959;GRANA and LILLA, 1959;FuLLERand WALTERS, 1964;PARMAR, 1966;NIELSEN etal., 1967;YAsUNoBuand 01,1972), rat kidney (GRANA and LILLA, 1959), rat heart (LEITZ and STEFANO, 1971), pig plasma (BUFFONI and DELLA CORTE, 1972), and human brain and salivary glands (BLASCHKO and STRÖMBLAD, 1960) have been used as enzyme sources. Concentrations of amphetamine ranging from 10-5 -10-2 M seem to be needed for inhibition of deamination of typical MAO substrates: adrenaline, noradrenaline, tyramine, oxedrine, kynuramine, benzyl amine, serotonin, tryptamine, and phenylethylamine.…”

Section: D) Enzymatic Inactivation Ofea Oe) Monoamine Oxidase (Mao)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C.III.1) develops rapidly; already after a second injection of the drug the response was considerably reduced (ALLES, 1933DETRICK et al, 1937;CRISMON and TAINTER, 1938;PINKSTON et al, 1939;GUNN and GURD, 1940;MALORNY and ORZECHOWSKI, 1940;ORZECHOWSKI, 1941;WINDER et al, 1948;REINERT, 1958;HANNA, 1960;COWAN et al, 1961;DAY and RAND, 1963b;CESSION-FoSSION, 1963a;BHAGAT, 1965a, b;EBLE and RUDZIK, 1965;DAY, 1967;TAKASAKI et al, 1973). C.III.1) develops rapidly; already after a second injection of the drug the response was considerably reduced (ALLES, 1933DETRICK et al, 1937;CRISMON and TAINTER, 1938;PINKSTON et al, 1939;GUNN and GURD, 1940;MALORNY and ORZECHOWSKI, 1940;ORZECHOWSKI, 1941;WINDER et al, 1948;REINERT, 1958;HANNA, 1960;COWAN et al, 1961;DAY and RAND, 1963b;CESSION-FoSSION, 1963a;BHAGAT, 1965a, b;EBLE and RUDZIK, 1965;DAY, 1967;TAKASAKI et al, 1973).…”

Section: G) On Tachyphylaxis To the Sympathomimetic Effects Of Amphetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This mechanism might be of importance in the case of p-hydroxyamphetamine or amphetamine in the in vivo situation, at least in some species such as rats, cats, dogs, man (KOPIN et al, 1965;THOENEN et al, 1966;GROPPETTI and COSTA, 1969b;BRODlE et al, 1969;LEWANDER, 1968bLEWANDER, , 1971a 4. saturation or desensitization of the postsynaptic receptors (depolarization block; ORZECHOWSKI, 1941;WINDER et al, 1948;POHLE and MATTHIES, 1967); 5. the administration intervals of the sympathomimetic agent are too short for a complete metabolic disposition or elimination of the drug to occur; the tissue responses add to each other up to a maximal response, which cannot be augmented further (WINDER et aI., 1948); 6. in the case ofthe intact animal, an increased blood pressure for instance, might be antagonized by reflex compensatory mechanisms. Depletion of stores of NA, as mentioned above; 2. the agent inhibits its own uptake into the nerve terminals (F AW AS and SI-MAAN,1965); 3. incorporation of the agent, or a metabolite of it, as a false transmitter, wh ich is released by subsequent doses of the drug.…”

Section: G) On Tachyphylaxis To the Sympathomimetic Effects Of Amphetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relative potency of amphetamine compared with adrenaline was reported to be about 1 j 100-1 j 300 calculated on the doses required for certain blood pressure responses (ORZECHOWSKI, 1941;WINDER et al, 1948). The potency ratio d-jl-amphetamine has been reported to be 1-2 (ALLES, 1939;HANNA, 1960;HARVEY et al, 1968).…”

Section: :) the Pressor Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

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General Pharmacology of Amphetamine-Like Drugs

Änggård¹,

Lewander²,

Gunne³

1973

Drug Addiction II

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Amphetamine and related central stimulant drugs are derivatives of ß-phenylethylamine (Table 1) and are thus relatively simple organic bases. The general ßphenylethylamine skeleton is one which amphetamine shares with the neurotransmitters noradrenaline, adrenaline, and dopamine. Phenylethylamine itselfhas central stimulant properties, but has an extremely short half-life in the body due to rapid metabolism by monoamine oxidase (MAO). Amphetamine has, due to steric hindrance by the ex-methyl group, much less affinity for MAO and therefore has a longer half-Iife.Most amphetamines have cardiovascular, psychomotor stimulant, hyperthermic, and anorexigenic actions. All of the structural features of amphetamine are important far its spectrum of pharmacologic activity. Any alteration may enhance, diminish, or attenuate one or several components in the actions of the parent drug. (1) Substitution of the phenyl ring, (2) alteration of the length of the side chain, (3) substitution on the primary nitrogen group, (4) substitution of the ex-and ß-carbon atoms, and (5) their absolute configuration have been studied and will be briefly discussed here. For a more thorough review on the subject the reader is referred to the papers by BIEL (1970), vANRossuM and SIMONS (1969) and VREE (1973. The effect of ring and side-chain substitution on distribution and elimination of the amphetamines has been discussed by BECKETT and BROOKES (1970). recently reviewed the biochemical pharmacology of the amphetamines. The metabolism and disposition of methylphenidate were reported by F ARAJ et al.

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Section: Y) Other Effects Of Amphetamine On the Systemic Blood Pressurementioning

confidence: 69%