1907
DOI: 10.1007/bf02165303
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Über die Verschmelzungsfrequenz bei periodischer Netzhautreizung durch Licht oder elektrische Ströme

Abstract: Schon im Jahre 1875 hat S. Exner 1) einige Versuehe iiber die Anzahl faradiseher Reize angestellt, welche das Auge in der Zeiteinheit noeh als getrennt, d.h. als nicht kontinuierliche Lichterscheihung, wahrzunehmen vermag. Er verwandte zu seinen Versuchen einen ,grossen ScMittenapparat", der durch ein grosses D aniellsehes Element getrieben wurde, wobei die ,,sekund~re Rolle wenig fiber die prim~re geschoben" war. Die eine der mit Sehwamm bekleideten und mit KochsahlSsung getr~nkten Elektroden wurde auf den Na… Show more

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Cited by 12 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…That these are within the eye, at least for near-threshold excitation, is proved by the fact that the threshold is very much raised by blinding the eye nearer to the electrode by pressure (Finkelstein, 1894;Cords, 1907;Barlow, Kohn & Walsh, 1947;Howarth, 1954). Concerning which structures within the eye may be stimulated, widely differing conclusions have been reached, but none based on absolutely compelling evidence.…”
Section: Farnborouqgh Hants (Received 2 September 1954)mentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…That these are within the eye, at least for near-threshold excitation, is proved by the fact that the threshold is very much raised by blinding the eye nearer to the electrode by pressure (Finkelstein, 1894;Cords, 1907;Barlow, Kohn & Walsh, 1947;Howarth, 1954). Concerning which structures within the eye may be stimulated, widely differing conclusions have been reached, but none based on absolutely compelling evidence.…”
Section: Farnborouqgh Hants (Received 2 September 1954)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Farnborouqgh, Hants (Received 2 September 1954) The sensations of light (phosphenes) produced by electric currents passed between one electrode on the upper or lower eyelid or the forehead and another remote from the eyes have been investigated many times, and many attempts made to identify the structures electrically stimulated. That these are within the eye, at least for near-threshold excitation, is proved by the fact that the threshold is very much raised by blinding the eye nearer to the electrode by pressure (Finkelstein, 1894;Cords, 1907;Barlow, Kohn & Walsh, 1947;Howarth, 1954). Concerning which structures within the eye may be stimulated, widely differing conclusions have been reached, but none based on absolutely compelling evidence.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The investigation of this possi- 8 Motokawa refers again to this effect in a later paper (44) where a sensitizing current that was 80 per cent of threshold was used. Oscillations at 18 cy./sec.…”
Section: Supernormal Excitabilitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Electrical thresholds were measured at various levels of light adaptation and during the course of dark adaptation with conflicting results. Early investigators found no differences between the effects of light adaptation and dark adaptation (8,28,68), but later workers, such as Verrijp (81), Achelis and Merkulow (2), Bogoslovsky (3), and Schwarz (75), found the electrical threshold to be higher during dark adaptation. A new and perhaps very important turn has now been given to the problem of interaction between photic and electric stimulation by Prof. Koiti Motokawa and his associates at the Physiological Laboratory of the Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It has long been known (Cords, 1908;Bouman, 1935) that a flickering sensation can be produced by sinusoidal currents of frequencies over 120 c/s, i.e. substantially above the flicker fusion frequency for light.…”
Section: Factors Limiting the Resolution Of Flickermentioning
confidence: 99%