1921
DOI: 10.1007/bf01721977
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Über die energetische Flächenregel

Abstract: Wie bekannt is~ die Annahme verbreitet, dab der Energieumsatz (E) verschiedener Tiere in der Zeiteinheit unter sonst gleiehen Bedingungen der K6rperoberfliiche proportional sei. Diese Lehre geht auf Karl Bergmann zuriiek, der im Jahre 1847 ausfiihrte: Dutch jede K6rper-oberfli~cheneinheit bei Mensch und Tier gehe physikalisch notwendig in der Zeiteinhei~ eine bestimmte Wiirmemenge verloren. Die Konstanz der K6rpertemperatur bei Homoiothermen fordere andauernd entspreehende Nachschaffung yon Warme, es bestimme … Show more

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Cited by 23 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…Increased elaboration of SA (e.g., fractal SA of the respiratory organs: [92]), was invoked as a way to explain b values >2/3 [18]. The total SA of individual cells was also proposed as accounting for the surface law [93], but this assumes that organisms grow by enlarging their cells and not by increasing their number so as to match the 2/3-power scaling of the external body surface, which is usually not the case, as was frequently pointed out in the early 1900s [8,[93][94][95]. However, this view has morphed into models that consider both cell size and number, thus allowing for an explanation of why b may vary between 2/3 and 1 ( [68,69]; also see Sections 4.1.1 and 4.3.1).…”
Section: Surface Area (Sa) Modelsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Increased elaboration of SA (e.g., fractal SA of the respiratory organs: [92]), was invoked as a way to explain b values >2/3 [18]. The total SA of individual cells was also proposed as accounting for the surface law [93], but this assumes that organisms grow by enlarging their cells and not by increasing their number so as to match the 2/3-power scaling of the external body surface, which is usually not the case, as was frequently pointed out in the early 1900s [8,[93][94][95]. However, this view has morphed into models that consider both cell size and number, thus allowing for an explanation of why b may vary between 2/3 and 1 ( [68,69]; also see Sections 4.1.1 and 4.3.1).…”
Section: Surface Area (Sa) Modelsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, it has been claimed that cellular SA can affect the scaling of metabolic rate in multicellular organisms [18,68,69,93,178,179]. When body size increases via cell enlargement, total cellular SA and metabolic rate should scale to the 2/3-power, whereas when body size increases via cell multiplication, total cellular SA and metabolic rate should scale to the 1-power.…”
Section: Surface Area (Sa) Modelsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Many kinds of theories and hypotheses have been proposed, but no consensus has yet been reached, especially with respect to the causes of the body-mass scaling of metabolic rate (see e.g., [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 17 , 18 , 20 ]). Of these causes, growing interest has been shown regarding how various components of body size in multicellular organisms, such as cell size [ 9 , 14 , 18 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ] and organ size [ 9 , 14 , 17 , 18 , 20 , 34 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ], may influence variation in metabolic rate and its scaling with body mass. Since cells are where metabolism happens, it seems natural to explore how the properties of cells may affect metabolism at the tissue, organ, and whole-body levels.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Pütter-Bertalanffy model is based on a biovolume/surface area scaling relationship (Flächenregel 49 ), which means that its curve applies universally to all organisms that adhere to that volume/area relationship over the course of their growth; this turns out to be a class that includes almost all multicellular animals 41 . Outside this class, we can still follow through the argument that leads to the Pütter-Bertalanffy model as long as we can formulate some scaling relationship satisfied by the organism of interest as it increases in biomass.…”
Section: Growth and Form: Morphē For Lotka's Hylèmentioning
confidence: 99%