Über den Umsatz und die Verteilung von 1,2-Propandiol, 1,2-Butandiol und 1,2,4-Butantriol beim Kaninchen

Glycols are generally organic molecules that contain two hydroxyl groups on adjacent carbons. Some include organic molecules with two hydroxyl groups on carbon atom that are not adjacent to each other. All of these chemicals are correctly called diols. Ethylene glycol is the simplest diol with the formula (CH 2 OH) 2 . The main uses of ethane‐1,2‐diol are as a raw material in the manufacture of polyester fibers and for antifreeze formulations. It is an odorless, colorless, sweet‐tasting, viscous liquid that can cause kidney damage in children and pets who may drink the sweet liquid. Propylene glycol or propane‐1,2‐diol does not cause kidney damage and is produced on a large scale primarily for the production of polymers, and in smaller quantities used in food applications, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Many molecules of ethane‐1,2‐diol can be connected via ether linkages to produce polyethylene glycol or PEG which can have molecular weights in the thousands. As with many organic chemicals, the higher the molecular weight, the lower the toxicity.

Glycols

Cavendar,

Keenan

2023

Glycols

Cavender¹,

Sowinski²

2004

The glycols are hydrocarbons that have two hydroxyl groups attached to separate carbons in an aliphatic chain or alicyclic ring. They are used as antifreeze agents, cryoprotectants, solvent carriers, chemical intermediates, and vehicles in a number of chemical formulations. They vary from slightly viscous liquids to waxy solids, are soluble in water, alcohols, and ketones, and are insoluble in hydrocarbons. They have low vapor pressures; therefore inhalation of vapors and aerosols is of little concern unless they are heated, agitated, or sprayed. They have little or no odor; thus only their irritancy at high concentrations is a warning property. Because of the irritant properties and the potential for central nervous system (CNS) depression at high concentrations, the threshold limit value (TLV) for glycols is generally set as a ceiling limit. The chemical and physical properties of several of the more common glycols are given.

Glycols

Cavender¹

2012

Glycols or diols are hydrocarbons that have two hydroxyl groups attached to separate carbons in an aliphatic chain or alicyclic ring. They are used as antifreeze agents, heat transfer agents, deicing agents, cryoprotectants, humectants, solvent carriers, chemical intermediates, components of polymers and resins, and vehicles in a number of chemical formulations including cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations. They vary from slightly viscous liquids to waxy solids, are soluble in water, alcohols, and ketones, and are insoluble in hydrocarbons. They have low vapor pressures; therefore inhalation of vapors and aerosols is of little concern unless they are heated, agitated, or sprayed. They have little or no odor; thus only their irritancy at high concentrations is a warning property. Because of the irritant properties and the potential for central nervous system (CNS) depression at high concentrations, the occupational exposure limit (OEL) for glycols is generally set as a ceiling limit. The chemical and physical properties of several of the more common glycols are given.