Ubendian basement and its late Mesoproterozoic and early Neoproterozoic structural and metamorphic overprint in northeastern Zambia

U–Pb and Hf-isotope analyses of zircon from the Kundelungu Kimberlites, D.R. Congo: Implications for crustal evolution

“…This corresponds also to the age of calc-alkaline magmatism in the PepaLubumba area (northern part of the Katangan belt; 1861 ± 28 Ma; Kabengele et al, 1991). In the Bangweulu Block (Zambia), Vrána et al (2004) The Hf-isotopic data suggest that there was a little input of juvenile material during that time. However, as pointed out above, juvenile magmatism during this period may have been mostly mafic and thus could be under-represented in the zircon populations.…”

“…Kabengele et al (1991) described similar potassic calc-alkaline magmatism in the Pepa-Lubumba area (NE Katanga, Congo) that was dated at 1861 ± 28 Ma (Rb/Sr isochron; Kabengele et al, 1991). The Bangweulu Block in Zambia includes terranes ranging in age between 1950 and 1800 Ma (Vrána et al, 2004). These terranes include the Mkushi gneiss (N'Gambi et al, 1986) and some granitic domes inside the copperbelt (Kabompo dome, Key et al, 2001; Kafue dome, Rainaud et al, 1999; Luina granite, Ngoyi et al, 1991).…”

The Mesoproterozoic Irumide belt of Zambia

“…5, Table 1, no. 51, Vrána et al, 2004). These two dates indicate a 1345 ± 15 Ma igneous event confined to the northernmost Irumide belt.…”

“…In contrast, peraluminous granitoids in that age range are unknown in the Irumide belt (De Waele et al, 2003c). A minor nepheline-sodalite syenite and a biotite granite gneiss dated by Tembo (1986) and Vrána et al (2004) and a suite of A-type granitoids in northern Zambia outside the main Irumide belt (Ring et al, 1999) are timecorrelatives of granitoids exposed in the Choma-Kalomo block and in the Kibaride belt. Their petrological characteristics however suggest emplacement in an anorogenic setting and thus unrelated to the evolution of the younger (1.05-0.95 Ga) Irumide belt.…”

A review of mineral resources in Malawi: With special reference to aluminium variation in mineral deposits

“…Age data point to three events: (1) Kibaran-age intrusion of calc-alkaline granitoids (1040-929 Ma), (2) Pan-African-age intrusion of calc-alkaline granitoids (710-555 Ma), (3) Pan-African high grade metamorphism (571-549 Ma) . The Ubendian (metamorphism and magmatism between 2.0 and 1.8 Ga) and the Irumide (metamorphism and magmatism around 1.0 Ga) belts occur in the northern part of Malawi (Dodson et al, 1975;Lenoir et al, 1994;Ring et al, 1997Ring et al, , 1999Boven et al, 1999;De Waele et al, 2003;Vrana et al, 2004). The metasedimentary rocks of the Mafinga and Mchinji Groups are treated as lithological units of their own, because they rest on basement cordierite gneiss (granulite) with an angular unconformity (Thatcher, 1974).…”