UAV-Based FSO Communications for High Speed Train Backhauling

Khallaf, Haitham S.; Uysal, Murat

doi:10.1109/wcnc.2019.8885447

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The adoption of NFPs in mmWave bands backhauling has been thoroughly studied in the literature [11]- [18], while other works [19]- [21] have considered the random effects of NFP vibration or atmospheric turbulence for free-space optical (FSO) communication systems, and few works [9], [22], [23] considered the fluctuation effects in mmWave bands for simplified scenarios.…”

Section: A Related Work and Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long-Haul mmWave Sky Links: A Multi-Hop NFP-Based Design and Analysis

Almohamad

Dabiri

Hasna

et al. 2023

IEEE Open J. Veh. Technol.

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Networked flying platforms (NFPs) have emerged as a favorable solution to extend the network coverage and/or capacity in temporary scenarios, such as disasters or mega-size events, thanks to their flexibility and cost efficiency. However, in order to provide a reliable multihop link through NFPs, multiple parameters should be considered and optimized, such as the antenna gains, and the number of NFPs required to achieve a certain level of quality of service (QoS). Furthermore, the design of such parameters when considering the hovering fluctuation of NFPs becomes more challenging. In this paper, we study the performance of a long millimeter wave (mmWave) link through multiple NFPs to connect a remote area with the core network taking into account the fluctuation of NFPs. In specific, we derive the outage probability (OP) for such a system under practical considerations, such as NFP fluctuation variance, realistic 3D radiation patterns, gaseous absorption losses, number and distribution of NFPs. Furthermore, we propose a spatial formation for NFPs to reduce interference along the path. Extensive simulations are provided to validate the analytical findings and to reveal insightful trade-offs that help in designing such links.INDEX TERMS Antenna pattern, backhaul/frounthaul links, mmWave communication, networked flying platforms (NFPs), positioning, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).

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Section: A Related Work and Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, using (21), the OP of A s to A 1 link can be obtained as in (13). Similarly, by substituting the parameters N t,M , N d , h L d (ψ d , L d ), and P t,M instead of the parameters N r,1 , N s , h Ls (ψ s , L s ), and P t,s in (13), respectively, the OP of A M to A d link is obtained in (14).…”

Section: Appendix Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Haul mmWave Sky Links: A Multi-Hop NFP-Based Design and Analysis

Almohamad

Dabiri

Hasna

et al. 2023

IEEE Open J. Veh. Technol.

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“…However, several challenges face these technologies, such as the high blockage probability of signals, weather conditions, and high energy consumption. To address these challenges, researchers have been working on different kinds of OWC technologies, such as VLC [335], optical camera communication (OCC) [336], FSO [337], LiDAR [338], and light fidelity (LiFi) [339]. Different requirements should be also ensured to effectively adopt OWC in UAV networks, such as the connectivity to remote places, the high data rates, and the ultra-high bandwidth.…”

Section: Uav Optical Communicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Softwarization of UAV Networks: A Survey of Applications and Future Trends

et al. 2020

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Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become increasingly important in assisting 5G and beyond 5G (B5G) mobile networks. Indeed, UAVs have all the potentials to both satisfy the ever-increasing mobile data demands of such mobile networks and provide ubiquitous connectivity to different kinds of wireless devices. However, the UAV assistance paradigm faces a set of crucial issues and challenges. For example, the network management of current UAV-assisted systems is time consuming, complicated, and carried out manually, thus causing a multitude of interoperability issues. To efficiently address all these issues, Software-Defined Network (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) are two promising technologies to efficiently manage and improve the UAV assistance for the next generation of mobile networks. In the literature, no clear guidelines are describing the different use cases of SDN and NFV in the context of UAV assistance to terrestrial networks, including mobile networks. Motivated by this fact, in this survey, we guide the reader through a comprehensive discussion of the main characteristics of SDN and NFV technologies. Moreover, we provide a thorough analysis of the different classifications, use cases, and challenges related to UAV-assisted systems. We then discuss SDN/NFV-enabled UAV-assisted systems, along with several case studies and issues, such as the involvement of UAVs in cellular communications, monitoring, and routing, to name a few. We furthermore present a set of open research challenges, high-level insights, and future research directions related to UAV-assisted systems.

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“…In order to ensure high-speed data transmission for passengers, wireless communication technology plays an important role in high-speed railway systems [6]. On the one hand, the high loss of penetration caused by the rail car chassis has caused numerous problems for communication in high-speed rail systems [7]. We have come up with a solution for this problem; namely, to use antennas mounted on top of railway vehicles in a two-step hierarchical configuration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and Capacity Optimization for High Speed Railway Communications Using UAV-IRS Assisted Massive MIMO System

et al. 2023

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In this paper, we study the communication performance of applying unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) combined with intelligent reflective surfaces (IRS) in a high speed railway (HSR) scenario. This study investigates the design and performance of (multiple-input-multiple-output) MIMO systems with UAV and IRS assistance technology in high-mobility scenarios. Direct links between base stations (BS) and trains are often obstructed in suburban environments, especially in mountainous areas. We mount the IRS on the UAVs so that it can assist in the communication between the trains and the BS. With the help of the UAV-IRS, straight-line links can be established effectively, which greatly improves communication for train passengers. This paper considers the employment of large-scale antenna arrays at both the BS and train ends. Train passengers communicate with UAVs via antennas assembled on the roof of the train as gateways, which in turn communicate with the BS. We consider two types of antenna layouts on the train: all antennas are located in the center of the train named Co-located antennas (CA) layout and uniformly distributed along the train called distributed antennas (DA) layout. We can obtain the analytical up-link capacity by averaging over all locations in a cell for the above two layouts by considering the radio frequency consumption. Overall, the CA layout is found to be a better option for trains when attempting to maximize cell mean value of capacity, and DA layout achieves a more uniformly distribution of capacity over the entire cell. Ultimately, the best solution will depend on the specific requirements and constraints of the selected deployment scenario.

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UAV-Based FSO Communications for High Speed Train Backhauling

Cited by 23 publications

References 23 publications

Long-Haul mmWave Sky Links: A Multi-Hop NFP-Based Design and Analysis

Long-Haul mmWave Sky Links: A Multi-Hop NFP-Based Design and Analysis

Softwarization of UAV Networks: A Survey of Applications and Future Trends

Performance and Capacity Optimization for High Speed Railway Communications Using UAV-IRS Assisted Massive MIMO System

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