U.S. Eviction Filing Patterns in 2020

Hepburn, Peter; Louis, Renee; Fish, Joe; Lemmerman, Emily; Alexander, Anne Kat; Thomas, Timothy A.; Koehler, Robert; Benfer, Emily A.; Desmond, Matthew

doi:10.1177/23780231211009983

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Our database documents the dates that forty-three US states and DC instituted and lifted eviction moratoria. These data were analyzed to demonstrate the associations between eviction moratoria and COVID-19 incidence and mortality [ 23 ], mental health outcomes [ 24 ], and eviction filing rates [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A database of US state policies to mitigate COVID-19 and its economic consequences

et al. 2022

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Background Since COVID-19 first appeared in the United States (US) in January 2020, US states have pursued a wide range of policies to mitigate the spread of the virus and its economic ramifications. Without unified federal guidance, states have been the front lines of the policy response. Main text We created the COVID-19 US State Policy (CUSP) database (https://statepolicies.com/) to document the dates and components of economic relief and public health measures issued at the state level in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Documented interventions included school and business closures, face mask mandates, directives on vaccine eligibility, eviction moratoria, and expanded unemployment insurance benefits. By providing continually updated information, CUSP was designed to inform rapid-response, policy-relevant research in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and has been widely used to investigate the impact of state policies on population health and health equity. This paper introduces the CUSP database and highlights how it is already informing the COVID-19 pandemic response in the US. Conclusion CUSP is the most comprehensive publicly available policy database of health, social, and economic policies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the US. CUSP documents widespread variation in state policy decisions and implementation dates across the US and serves as a freely available and valuable resource to policymakers and researchers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A database of US state policies to mitigate COVID-19 and its economic consequences

et al. 2022

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“…With renters accumulating large rental debts during the COVID-19 crisis, 16 eviction moratoriums were often the only thing preventing tenants from immediate housing loss. 17 Given the strong ties between housing insecurity and mental health, these moratoriums may also have served to protect renters’ mental health. Accordingly, 1 prior study found that living in a state with an eviction moratorium was associated with lower levels of mental distress among Black survey respondents, although the association did not hold for the overall sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in State-Level Eviction Moratorium Protections and Mental Health Among US Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2021

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IMPORTANCEAlthough evictions have been associated with adverse mental health outcomes, it remains unclear which stages of the eviction process are associated with mental distress among renters. Variation in COVID-19 pandemic eviction protections across US states enables identification of intervention targets within the eviction process to improve renters' mental health. OBJECTIVETo measure the association between the strength of eviction protections (ie, stages blocked by eviction moratoriums) and mental distress among renters during the COVID-19 pandemic. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study used individual-level, nationallyrepresentative data from the Understanding Coronavirus in America Survey to measure associations between state eviction moratorium protections and mental distress. The sample of 2317 respondents included renters with annual household incomes less than $75 000 who reported a state of residence and completed surveys between March 10 and September 3, 2020, prior to the federal eviction moratorium order by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.EXPOSURES Time-varying strength of state moratorium protections as a categorical variable: none, weak (blocking court hearings, judgments, or enforcement without blocking notice or filing), or strong (blocking all stages of the eviction process beginning with notice and filing). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESModerate to severe mental distress was measured using the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire. Linear regression models were adjusted for time-varying state COVID-19 incidence and mortality, public health restrictions, and unemployment rates. Models included individual and time fixed effects as well as clustered standard errors. RESULTSThe sample consisted of 2317 individuals (20 853 total observations) composed largely (1788 [78%] weighted) of middle-aged adults (25-64 years of age) and women (1538 [60%]); 640 respondents (23%) self-reported as Hispanic or Latinx, 314 respondents (20%) as non-Hispanic Black, and 1071 respondents (48%) as non-Hispanic White race and ethnicity. Relative to no statelevel eviction moratorium protections, strong protections were associated with a 12.6% relative reduction (risk ratio, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.76-0.99) in the probability of mental distress, whereas weak protections were not associated with a statistically significant reduction (risk ratio, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.86-1.06). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This analysis of the Understanding Coronavirus in AmericaSurvey data found that strong eviction moratoriums were associated with protection against mental distress, suggesting that distress begins early in the eviction process with notice and filing. This (continued)

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“…Moreover, housing precarity and the risk of eviction as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to reach unprecedented levels, further exacerbating housing inequities and endangering public health (Gold, 2016;Rice & Oliva, 2021). For example, as various eviction moratoriums throughout the US have lapsed during the pandemic, eviction filings have exceeded historical averages (Hepburn et al, 2021). Emerging evidence suggests that COVID-19 eviction moratoriums have helped to mitigate the spread of the virus and prevent housing displacement, though much of this evidence is preliminary and more work in this area is needed (Benfer et al, 2020;Jowers et al, 2021;Leifheit et al, 2020;Nande et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 eviction moratoriums and eviction filings: evidence from New Orleans

Callison

Finger

Smith

2021

Housing and Society

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Securing stable housing to prevent the spread of infection during the COVID-19 pandemic remains a concern among policymakers in the US. In this article, we provide a descriptive analysis of the association between COVID-19-related eviction moratoriums and eviction filings in New Orleans, Louisiana. Beginning in March 2020, four separate moratoriums were implemented at the local, state, and federal levels that sought to restrict eviction filings in New Orleans. We collected data on evictions filed from January 2017 through November 2020 in the First City Court of Orleans Parish, the entity responsible for adjudicating the majority of eviction filings in New Orleans. We then examined the association between the various eviction moratoriums, the number of evictions filed, the estimated number of evictions temporarily averted, and the average suit dollar amount for filed evictions. Our results indicate that local and state moratoriums were effective at temporarily halting eviction filings. Federal moratoriums offering fewer protections reduced eviction filings by approximately 50%. We estimate that COVID-19-related eviction moratoriums temporarily averted 2,492 eviction filings in New Orleans between March and November 2020. The average suit amount for eviction filings that resumed following the expiration of local and state moratoriums doubled from pre-COVID-19 filing amounts.

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U.S. Eviction Filing Patterns in 2020

Cited by 32 publications

References 15 publications

A database of US state policies to mitigate COVID-19 and its economic consequences

A database of US state policies to mitigate COVID-19 and its economic consequences

Variation in State-Level Eviction Moratorium Protections and Mental Health Among US Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic

COVID-19 eviction moratoriums and eviction filings: evidence from New Orleans

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