U.K. multicentre study on blood donors for surrogate markers of non‐A non‐B hepatitis. Part I: Alanine transferase and anti‐HBc testing

Anderson, N. A.; Raafat, Ahmed; Shwe, K. H.; Barbara, J. A. J.; Contreras, Marcela; Fraser, Ian; Gunson, H. H.; Martlew, V.I.; Mijović, V; Goldie, D. J.; Seneviratne, Chaminda Jayampath; Bendle, A.; Briggs, Moya; Paver, Keith

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3148.1992.tb00174.x

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Amongst the rest, about one quarter (6% of all donors) exhibited ALT elevation in consecutive dona tions, for an average 4.3 adjacent donations, but none ex hibited >100 IU/1 in consecutive donations. Our previous studies [14] would suggest that a non-virological cause will be found for the majority of these, as was shown in the recent UK multicentre study [6]. In contrast to our data the …”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 86%

Prevalence and Consistency of ALT Elevation in Plasmapheresis Donors: Implications for the Assessment of Blood Product Infectivity

Prowse¹,

Picken²,

Gillon³

1993

Vox Sanguinis

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Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were determined in 8,420 plasmapheresis donations obtained from 431 donors over a period of 18 months. Using sex-differentiated normal ranges 2.5% of donations but 23% of donors exhibited elevated ALT levels on at least 1 occasion. Amongst the donors with elevated ALT this was only seen on 1 occasion in one third, while a quarter had elevations in consecutive donations. No donors with consecutive elevations above 100IU/1 were detected. The results are discussed in terms of the guidelines currently recommended for assessing post-transfusion hepatitis infectivity of blood products, such as factor VIII. It is concluded that the current allowance for infection acquired from sources other than blood products under consideration may be over-generous, leading to a potential underestimate of the true rate of infection.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 86%

Prevalence and Consistency of ALT Elevation in Plasmapheresis Donors: Implications for the Assessment of Blood Product Infectivity

Prowse¹,

Picken²,

Gillon³

1993

Vox Sanguinis

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“…The frequency of isolated antiHBc is 0.7-1% in healthy blood donors [7,8,18]. An important proportion of the patients in our study group were either HIV-, HCV-positive, receiving hemodialysis or organ transplant recipients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Screening of blood donors is a major source of nonspecific anti-HBc-positive results. The presence of anti-HBc without detectable HBsAg or anti-HBs antibody (isolated anti-HBc) is observed in 0.7-1% of healthy blood donors [7,8]. Isolated false-positive anti-HBc reactivity has been attributed to cross-reactive antibodies or interfering substances in serum; this effect was also observed for anti-HBs [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Frequency of HCV Infection in Individuals with Isolated Antibody to Hepatitis B Core Antigen

Berger¹,

Doerr²,

Rabenau³

et al. 2000

Intervirology

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Although isolated antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) is frequently nonspecific or may be the only serological marker of past self-limiting hepatitis B, where antibodies against the surface antigen have disappeared, isolated anti-HBc seropositivity is frequently associated with chronic hepatitis B in HIV- and HCV-infected individuals. Of 5,520 samples that tested positive for anti-HBc (IMx and AxSYM CORE, Abbott, Delkenheim, Germany) at the Institute of Virology, University Clinic Frankfurt during the time interval from January 1994 to February 1996, 643 (11.6%) were isolated anti-HBc-reactive in the IMx and AxSYM CORE assays (inhibition values >90%). There was a statistically significant association between isolated anti-HBc seropositivity and HCV and HIV/HCV coinfection (p < 0.05). A total of 190 samples were available for further testing. Six (3.2%) of 190 isolated anti-HBc-positive samples were considered false-positive since they were only positive in the AxSYM or IMx CORE assay and a linear decrease of the measured signal could not be observed in dilution series. Of 184 serum samples tested with nested PCR using primers of the S genome region, only 6 (3.3%) were HBV DNA-positive. Anti-HBc-IgM antibody could be detected in 3 (1.6 %) of the tested samples using the IMx CORE-M. With the more sensitive VIDAS HBc IgM specific IgM antibody was detected in 15 (8.5%) of 177 samples at concentrations ranging from 10 to >200 Paul Ehrlich Institute U/ml. HIV or HCV coinfection was present in 28.1% and 37.5% of isolated anti-HBc-positive individuals, respectively. We conclude from our observations that only a limited proportion of anti-HBc-isolated individuals are potentially infectious, however anti-HBc-IgM which is detectable in any form of liver disease associated with HBV infection was present in more than 8% of the individuals. Of isolated anti-HBc-positive sera 37% were positive for anti-HCV, suggesting that anti-HCV antibody testing should be performed in isolated anti-HBc-positive individuals.

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“…In the study which carried out on Tehran blood donation center prevalence elevated ALT reported 5.71% [22] . This prevalence in the Third National Health and Nutrition study of the population of the United States was 2.8% [23]. We found through sonography as a diagnostic method of NAFLD that elevated ALT and metabolic variables such as high total cholesterol, waist circumference, BMI and LDL were significantly associated with the disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Frequency among Healthy Blood Donors in the West of Iran

Alizadeh¹,

Hadizadeh²,

Padashi³

et al. 2016

Arch Hepat Res

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Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of NAFLD as well as the determination of associated metabolic abnormalities in Iranian blood donors. The aim of this study was to review cases of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and to determine the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease as a cause of elevated alanine aminotransferase in healthy blood donors and also assess risk factors of NAFLD such as BMI and correlation with metabolic syndrome in these subjects.Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has been increasingly recognized as the most common pathological conditions affecting the liver. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is now recognized as the hepatic component of the metabolic syndrome, which includes hyperlipidemia, glucose intolerance, obesity, and systemic hypertension. Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 479 blood donor aged between 17-66 years in Hamedan, Iran. The donor answered a questionnaire that included age, gender, and medical history, and were submitted to a complete physical exam and abdominal ultrasound. Biochemical exams included: ALT, AST, ALP, fasting glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides. Criteria for NAFLD included: the presence of steatosis in ultrasound and/or elevated ALT/AST with negative intake of alcohol, negative use of drug, negative investigation for hepatitis A, B, C, auto-immune hepatitis, Wilson disease and hemochromatosis.Results: From August, 2012 to January, 2013, the study included 479 subjects between 17 and 66 years of age and a mean age of 33.3 ± 10.5 years. The prevalence of NAFLD was 35.7% (mild 21.3%, moderate 13.4%, sever 1%). From lower to higher BMI category; alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides statistically increased significantly. In all BMI categories, ALT increased significantly by increasing the number of the components of the metabolic syndrome. Odds ratio for elevated liver enzymes and sonographic fatty liver increased significantly with higher BMI categories before and after adjustment for age. Conclusion:There was a strong relationship between NAFLD and the abnormal metabolic variables in blood donors. It would be very useful if people are exposed to some determination such as waist circumference, blood pressure, FBS and serum lipid profile in order to screen those susceptible to NAFLD.

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U.K. multicentre study on blood donors for surrogate markers of non‐A non‐B hepatitis. Part I: Alanine transferase and anti‐HBc testing

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Prevalence and Consistency of ALT Elevation in Plasmapheresis Donors: Implications for the Assessment of Blood Product Infectivity

Prevalence and Consistency of ALT Elevation in Plasmapheresis Donors: Implications for the Assessment of Blood Product Infectivity

High Frequency of HCV Infection in Individuals with Isolated Antibody to Hepatitis B Core Antigen

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Frequency among Healthy Blood Donors in the West of Iran

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