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Behrens, Gerold; Esch, Franz‐Rudolf; Leischner, Erika; Neumaier, Maria

doi:10.1007/978-3-322-82856-9_21

Cited by 6 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…We have used this complex 4 -·Pd(OAc) + successfully in a series of Suzuki-Miyaura couplings of various p-bromophenyl-substituted N-acyloligonitrile derivatives to obtain the corresponding biphenyl compounds. [5,20] Similar to Pd II , copper() chloride also forms a 1:1 bis-(chelate) complex 4·CuCl 2 , containing now the neutral ligand 4, if 4 is treated with copper() chloride in acetonitrile followed by subsequent slow diffusion with diethyl ether. The small, green crystals are formed in 85 % yield.…”

Section: Complexation Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyridine‐Based Oligonitriles as Pincer Ligands for Palladium(II), Copper(II), Cobalt(II), and Nickel(II) Ions

2005

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Nucleophilic ring opening of the 1-oxa-3,5-diazinium salts 2 and 3 by propylamine furnishes the new polydentate, branched, pincer-type ligands 4 and 5, respectively, in 34 and 57 % yield. The 1-oxa-3,5-diazinium salts 2 and 3 were prepared from pyridine-2,6-dicarbonyl dichloride (1) by treatment with dimethylcyanamide and diisopropylcyanamide in the presence of antimony pentachloride and tin tetrachloride, respectively. The structure of 4, which is characterised by a strongly twisted N-acyloligonitrile arm, was determined by X-ray crystallography. The ligand 4, with its short and long arms, forms chelate complexes 4 -·Pd(OAc) + and 4·CuCl 2 when treated with palladium(II) acetate and copper(II) chloride, respectively. 4 -·Pd(OAc) + shows remarkable catalytic

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Section: Complexation Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyridine‐Based Oligonitriles as Pincer Ligands for Palladium(II), Copper(II), Cobalt(II), and Nickel(II) Ions

2005

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“…This small sampling fraction sets a lower limit on the contribution of sampling fluctuations, while the need for efficient detection of MeV-type neutrons requires signal integration over a relatively large volume and at least 30 ns. Yet, the experiment that holds the current world record in hadronic energy resolution (ZEUS, σ/E ∼ 35%/ √ E) used a calorimeter of this type [32]). The experimental energy resolution data reported for this calorimeter are shown in Figure 20b.…”

Section: Compensationmentioning

confidence: 99%

New developments in calorimetric particle detection

Wigmans

2018

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics

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In nuclear, particle and astroparticle physics experiments, calorimeters are used to measure the properties of particles with kinetic energies that range from a fraction of 1 eV to 10 20 eV or more. These properties are not necessarily limited to the energy carried by these particles, but may concern the entire four-vector, including the particle mass and type. In many modern experiments, large calorimeter systems play a central role, and this is expected to be no different for experiments that are currently being planned/designed for future accelerators.In this paper, the state of the art as well as new developments in calorimetry are reviewed. The latter are of course inspired by the perceived demands of future experiments, and/or the increasing demands of the current generation of experiments, as these are confronted with, for example, increased luminosity. These demands depend on the particles to be detected by the calorimeter. In electromagnetic calorimeters, radiation hardness of the detector components is a major concern. The generally poor performance of the current generation of hadron calorimeters is considered inadequate for future experiments, and a lot of the R&D in the past decade has focused on improving this performance. The root causes of the problems are investigated and different methods that have been exploited to remedy this situation are evaluated.In the past two decades, experiments in astroparticle physics have started to make major contributions to our fundamental understanding of physics and of a variety of processes that are inaccessible in laboratory experiments here on Earth. These experiments typically make use of calorimetric particle detection. At the extreme low end of the energy spectrum, ingenious instruments are used to study phenomena involving energy transfers of the order of 1 eV using calorimetric methods. In separate sections, some salient aspects of this work are reviewed.

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“…4. These are uranium-scintillator calorimeter units similar to the ones implemented at ZEUS (see [10] Figure 4: Front view of the FPC at the test beam site, surrounded by three FCAL modules.…”

Section: Cern Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A monitor system using a 60 Co source, similar to the one used for the ZEUS uranium calorimeter [13], has been developed for the FPC. It allows the detection of changes in the performance of the scintillator tiles and the WLS fibers as well as drifts in the gain of the PMTs.…”

Section: Co Monitoring Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this beam test the modules have been calibrated with electrons and muons. Previously, a setup of four FCAL prototype modules had been tested with electrons, muons and hadrons, and the calorimeter was found to be compensating, e/h = 1.0 for momenta p ≥ 3 GeV to within 3% [10]. Figure 23 shows the energy resolution for π − as a function of energy for FPC alone and FPC + FCAL prototype.…”

Section: Fpc Performance With Pions 81 Energy Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

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The ZEUS forward plug calorimeter with lead–scintillator plates and WLS fiber readout

Bamberger

Böttcher

Bohnet

et al. 2000

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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A Forward Plug Calorimeter (FPC) for the ZEUS detector at HERA has been built as a shashlik lead-scintillator calorimeter with wave length shifter fiber readout. Before installation it was tested and calibrated using the X5 test beam facility of the SPS accelerator at CERN. Electron, muon and pion beams in the momentum range of 10 to 100 GeV/c were used. Results of these measurements are presented as well as a calibration monitoring system based on a 60 Co source.1 Pseudorapidity is defined as η = − ln (tan(θ/2)), where θ stands for the angle between the particle trajectory and the forward proton beam direction.

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U

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Pyridine‐Based Oligonitriles as Pincer Ligands for Palladium(II), Copper(II), Cobalt(II), and Nickel(II) Ions

Pyridine‐Based Oligonitriles as Pincer Ligands for Palladium(II), Copper(II), Cobalt(II), and Nickel(II) Ions

New developments in calorimetric particle detection

The ZEUS forward plug calorimeter with lead–scintillator plates and WLS fiber readout

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