Tyrrhenian sea level at 2000 BP: evidence from Roman age fish tanks and their geological calibration

Lambeck, Kurt; Anzidei, Marco; Antonioli, Fabrizio; Benini, Alessandra; Verrubbi, Vladimiro

doi:10.1007/s12210-018-0715-6

Cited by 19 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Due to the potential significant impacts on both the coast and the heritage sites of the Temple of Pyrgi and the Santa Severa Castle with a beach retreat up to ~25 m, the expected scenario shown in this study can support adaptation planning at different time scales, in agreement with the Protocol on Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) in the Mediterranean. Our results details previous studies for the Italian [19,30,31,32,33,34,35] and the Mediterranean [36,37] regions and can raise awareness of policymakers and heritage managers, highlighting the need for adaptation actions to protect Pyrgi from marine flooding and erosion under the current conditions and for the expected sea level rise scenarios. To this regard, we remark that [38] estimated a mean coastal erosion at a rate of 3.3 cm/year since the last 2.500 years although the retreat of the soft cliffs characterizing the Pyrgi coastline is occurring mostly during high energy marine events.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Sea Level Rise Scenario for 2100 A.D. in the Heritage Site of Pyrgi (Santa Severa, Italy)

Anzidei¹,

Doumaz²,

Vecchio³

et al. 2019

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sea level rise is one of the main factor of risk for the preservation of cultural heritage sites located along the coasts of the Mediterranean basin. Coastal retreat, erosion and storm surges are yet posing serious threats to archaeological and historical structures built along the coastal zones of this region. In order to assess the coastal changes by the end of 2100 under an expected sea level rise of about 1 m, a detailed determination of the current coastline position and the availability of high resolution DSM, is needed. This paper focuses on the use of very high-resolution UAV imagery for the generation of ultra-high resolution mapping of the coastal archaeological area of Pyrgi, near Rome (Italy). The processing of the UAV imagery resulted in the generation of a DSM and an orthophoto, with an accuracy of 1.94 cm/pixel. The integration of topographic data with two sea level rise projections in the IPCC AR5 2.6 and 8.5 climatic scenarios for this area of the Mediterranean, were used to map sea level rise scenarios for 2050 and 2100. The effects of the Vertical Land Motion (VLM) as estimated from two nearby continuous GPS stations located as much as close to the coastline, were included in the analysis. Relative sea level rise projections provide values at 0.30±0.15 cm by 2050 and 0.56±0.22 by 2100, for the IPCC AR5 8.5 scenarios and at 0.13±0.05 cm by 2050 and 0.17±0.22 by 2100, for the IPCC AR5 2.6 scenario. These values of rise will correspond to a potential beach loss between 12.6% and 23.5% in 2100 for RCP 2.6 and 8.5 scenarios, respectively, while during the highest tides the beach will be reduced up to 46.4%. With these sea level rise scenarios, Pyrgi with its nearby Etruscan temples and the medieval castle of Santa Severa will be soon exposed to high risk of marine flooding, especially during storm surges, thus requiring suitable adaptation strategies.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Sea Level Rise Scenario for 2100 A.D. in the Heritage Site of Pyrgi (Santa Severa, Italy)

Anzidei¹,

Doumaz²,

Vecchio³

et al. 2019

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our results detail previous studies for the Italian [7][8][9]12,[45][46][47] and the Mediterranean [10,48] regions and can contribute to raise awareness of policymakers and heritage managers toward the coastal hazard by highlighting the need to adapt actions to protect Pyrgi from marine flooding and erosion under the current conditions due to the expected sea level rise and storm surge scenarios.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Sea Level Rise Scenario for 2100 A.D. in the Heritage Site of Pyrgi (Santa Severa, Italy)

Anzidei

Doumaz

Vecchio

et al. 2020

JMSE

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sea level rise is one of the main risk factors for the preservation of cultural heritage sites located along the coasts of the Mediterranean basin. Coastal retreat, erosion, and storm surges are posing serious threats to archaeological and historical structures built along the coastal zones of this region. In order to assess the coastal changes by the end of 2100 under the expected sea level rise of about 1 m, we need a detailed determination of the current coastline position based on high resolution Digital Surface Models (DSM). This paper focuses on the use of very high-resolution Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) imagery for the generation of ultra-high-resolution mapping of the coastal archaeological area of Pyrgi, Italy, which is located near Rome. The processing of the UAV imagery resulted in the generation of a DSM and an orthophoto with an accuracy of 1.94 cm/pixel. The integration of topographic data with two sea level rise projections in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) AR5 2.6 and 8.5 climatic scenarios for this area of the Mediterranean are used to map sea level rise scenarios for 2050 and 2100. The effects of the Vertical Land Motion (VLM) as estimated from two nearby continuous Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations located as close as possible to the coastline are included in the analysis. Relative sea level rise projections provide values at 0.30 ± 0.15 cm by 2050 and 0.56 ± 0.22 cm by 2100 for the IPCC AR5 8.5 scenarios and at 0.13 ± 0.05 cm by 2050 and 0.17 ± 0.22 cm by 2100, for the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) 2.6 scenario. These values of rise correspond to a potential beach loss between 12.6% and 23.5% in 2100 for Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 2.6 and 8.5 scenarios, respectively, while, during the highest tides, the beach will be provisionally reduced by up to 46.4%. In higher sea level positions and storm surge conditions, the expected maximum wave run up for return time of 1 and 100 years is at 3.37 m and 5.76 m, respectively, which is capable to exceed the local dune system. With these sea level rise scenarios, Pyrgi with its nearby Etruscan temples and the medieval castle of Santa Severa will be exposed to high risk of marine flooding, especially during storm surges. Our scenarios show that suitable adaptation and protection strategies are required.

show abstract

“…The channels, for the circulation of water, and the crepido along a part of the perimeter, are, at this stage, the only archaeological evidence supporting the interpretation of the structure as a vivarium. According to this assumption, we can use this last functional element as a sea level marker, taking into account that it was built to always stay at a small elevation above the sea level in every tidal condition, and in particular, according to [39], 0.20 m above the high tide. Therefore, considering that the well-preserved crepido is positioned at −1.8 m MSL, we can suppose a relative sea level during the period of use at −2.2 m ± 0.2 m MSL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Detailed Reconstruction of the Roman Landscape and the Submerged Archaeological Structure at “Castel dell’Ovo islet” (Naples, Southern Italy)

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, we present the results of a multidisciplinary study aimed to reconstruct the Roman coastal landscape between Pizzofalcone hill and Megaris islet—the area of the ancient Parthenope, the first settlement along the Naples coast. This coastal sector was surveyed by a team of specialized divers (archaeologists and geomorphologists) and by using an Unmanned Surface Vessel (USV) equipped with acoustic and optical sensors. The indirect surveys provided a high-resolution dataset of morpho-acoustic and optical measurements, useful to obtain the geological, geomorphological and archaeological interpretations necessary to formulate hypotheses on the functionality of the complex submerged archaeological structure detected in the study area. In particular, the integration between the surveyed data, the high-resolution seafloor mapping and the previous knowledge deriving from the 1980s underwater research carried out by Centro Studi Subacquei, led us to interpret the submerged remains as a vivarium related to a 1st century BC Roman villa. Finally, by measuring the submersion of several channels and a well-preserved crepido, a relative sea level during the period of use at –2.2 m ±0.2 m mean sea level (MSL) was deduced, in agreement with the previous geoarchaeological studies realized in the near coastal sectors.

show abstract

Tyrrhenian sea level at 2000 BP: evidence from Roman age fish tanks and their geological calibration

Cited by 19 publications

References 28 publications

Sea Level Rise Scenario for 2100 A.D. in the Heritage Site of Pyrgi (Santa Severa, Italy)

Sea Level Rise Scenario for 2100 A.D. in the Heritage Site of Pyrgi (Santa Severa, Italy)

Sea Level Rise Scenario for 2100 A.D. in the Heritage Site of Pyrgi (Santa Severa, Italy)

A Detailed Reconstruction of the Roman Landscape and the Submerged Archaeological Structure at “Castel dell’Ovo islet” (Naples, Southern Italy)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About