Tyrosine hydroxylase‐immunoreactive neurons in the nucleus basalis of the common marmoset (<i>Callithrix jacchus</i>)

Wisniowski, L.; Ridley, R. M.; Baker, H. F.; Fine, Alan

doi:10.1002/cne.903250305

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 69 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…No cell population with TH immunoreactivity was visible within the rabbit BFB. Although this finding corresponds to findings for nearly all other investigated species, TH immunoreactivity was reported in "Ch4" cholinergic cells in the common marmoset (Wisniowski et al, 1992;Wu et al, 2000).…”

Section: Neurochemical Heterogeneity Of Cholinergic Neuronssupporting

confidence: 54%

Rabbit forebrain cholinergic system: Morphological characterization of nuclei and distribution of cholinergic terminals in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus

Varga

Härtig

Grosche

et al. 2003

J of Comparative Neurology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although the rabbit brain, in particular the basal forebrain cholinergic system, has become a common model for neuropathological changes associated with Alzheimer's disease, detailed neuroanatomical studies on the morphological organization of basal forebrain cholinergic nuclei and on their output pathways are still awaited. Therefore, we performed quantitative choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunocytochemistry to localize major cholinergic nuclei and to determine the number of respective cholinergic neurons in the rabbit forebrain. The density of ChAT-immunoreactive terminals in layer V of distinct neocortical territories and in hippocampal subfields was also measured. Another cholinergic marker, the low-affinity neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)), was also employed to identify subsets of cholinergic neurons. Double-immunofluorescence labeling of ChAT and p75(NTR), calbindin D-28k (CB), parvalbumin, calretinin, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), tyrosine hydroxylase, or substance P was used to elucidate the neuroanatomical borders of cholinergic nuclei and to analyze the neurochemical complexity of cholinergic cell populations. Cholinergic projection neurons with heterogeneous densities were found in the medial septum, vertical and horizontal diagonal bands of Broca, ventral pallidum, and magnocellular nucleus basalis (MBN)/substantia innominata (SI) complex; cholinergic interneurons were observed in the caudate nucleus, putamen, accumbens nucleus, and olfactory tubercule, whereas the globus pallidus was devoid of cholinergic nerve cells. Cholinergic interneurons were frequently present in the hippocampus and to a lesser extent in cerebral cortex. Cholinergic projection neurons, except those localized in SI, abundantly expressed p75(NTR), and a subset of cholinergic neurons in posterior MBN was immunoreactive for CB and nNOS. A strict laminar distribution pattern of cholinergic terminals was recorded both in the cerebral cortex and in CA1-CA3 and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. In summary, the structural organization and chemoarchitecture of rabbit basal forebrain may be considered as a transition between that of rodents and that of primates.

show abstract

Section: Neurochemical Heterogeneity Of Cholinergic Neuronssupporting

confidence: 54%

Rabbit forebrain cholinergic system: Morphological characterization of nuclei and distribution of cholinergic terminals in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus

Varga

Härtig

Grosche

et al. 2003

J of Comparative Neurology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Of interest are findings from immunohistochemical studies in primates, including humans, indicating that cells in the nbM may produce dopamine. [47][48][49][50] Recently, we found a dysregulation of select dopaminergic receptor genes (DRD1 and DRD4) in taucontaining nbM neurons in AD (Tierman and coworkers, in preparation), which is further indication of changes in gene classes related to the dopaminergic metabolism within nbM neurons in CTE and AD.…”

Section: Basal Forebrain Gene Profiling In Human Cte 1265mentioning

confidence: 92%

Gene Profiling of Nucleus Basalis Tau Containing Neurons in Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium Study

Mufson

Ginsberg

et al. 2018

Journal of Neurotrauma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Military personnel and athletes exposed to traumatic brain injury may develop chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Brain pathology in CTE includes intracellular accumulation of abnormally phosphorylated tau proteins (p-tau), the main constituent of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Recently, we found that cholinergic basal forebrain (CBF) neurons within the nucleus basalis of Meynert (nbM), which provide the major cholinergic innervation to the cortex, display an increased number of NFTs across the pathological stages of CTE. However, molecular mechanisms underlying nbM neurodegeneration in the context of CTE pathology remain unknown. Here, we assessed the genetic signature of nbM neurons containing the p-tau pretangle maker pS422 from CTE subjects who came to autopsy and received a neuropathological CTE staging assessment (Stages II, III, and IV) using laser capture microdissection and custom-designed microarray analysis. Quantitative analysis revealed dysregulation of key genes in several gene ontology groups between CTE stages. Specifically, downregulation of the nicotinic cholinergic receptor subunit β-2 gene (CHRNB2), monoaminergic enzymes catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and dopa decarboxylase (DDC), chloride channels CLCN4 and CLCN5, scaffolding protein caveolin 1 (CAV1), cortical development/cytoskeleton element lissencephaly 1 (LIS1), and intracellular signaling cascade member adenylate cyclase 3 (ADCY3) was observed in pS422-immunreactive nbM neurons in CTE patients. By contrast, upregulation of calpain 2 (CAPN2) and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) transcript levels was found in Stage IV CTE patients. These single-population data in vulnerable neurons indicate alterations in gene expression associated with neurotransmission, signal transduction, the cytoskeleton, cell survival/death signaling, and microtubule dynamics, suggesting novel molecular pathways to target for drug discovery in CTE.

show abstract

“…The noncholinergic neurons of the septum, diagonal band nuclei, and nucleus basalis have been studied most intensively in the rodent brain, where they have been shown to be γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)‐ergic, glutamatergic, peptidergic, and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)‐positive (Gouras et al, ; Gritti et al, ; Henderson, ; Henny and Jones, ; Mesulam et al, ; Walker et al, ; Wisniowski et al, ). Some of the noncholinergic neurons are interneurons; others project to the cerebral cortex (Freund and Meskenaite, ; Gritti et al, ).…”

Section: Cytology Of the Ch1–4 Complex In The Monkey And Human Brainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinergic circuitry of the human nucleus basalis and its fate in Alzheimer's disease

Mesulam

2013

J of Comparative Neurology

287

243

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The nucleus basalis is located at the confluence of the limbic and reticular activating systems. It receives dopaminergic input from the ventral tegmental area/substantia nigra, serotonergic input from the raphe nuclei, and noradrenergic input from the nucleus locus coeruleus. Its cholinergic contingent, known as Ch4, provides the principal source of acetylcholine for the cerebral cortex and amygdala. More than half of presynaptic varicosities along its cholinergic axons make traditional synaptic contacts with cortical neurons. Limbic and paralimbic cortices of the brain receive the heaviest cholinergic input from Ch4 and are also the principal sources of reciprocal cortical projections back to the nucleus basalis. This limbic affiliation explains the role of the nucleus basalis in modulating the impact and memorability of incoming sensory information. The anatomical continuity of the nucleus basalis with other basomedial limbic structures may underlie its early and high vulnerability to the tauopathy and neurofibrillary degeneration of Alzheimer's disease. The tauopathy in Ch4 eventually leads to the degeneration of the cholinergic axons that it sends to the cerebral cortex. The early involvement of Ch4 has a magnifying effect on Alzheimer's pathology, because neurofibrillary degeneration in a small number of neurons can perturb neurotransmission in all cortical areas. Although the exact contribution of the Ch4 lesion to the cognitive changes of Alzheimer's disease remains poorly understood, the cholinergic circuitry of the nucleus basalis is emerging as one of the most strategically positioned and behaviorally consequential modulatory systems of the human cerebral cortex.

show abstract

Tyrosine hydroxylase‐immunoreactive neurons in the nucleus basalis of the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)

Cited by 13 publications

References 69 publications

Rabbit forebrain cholinergic system: Morphological characterization of nuclei and distribution of cholinergic terminals in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus

Rabbit forebrain cholinergic system: Morphological characterization of nuclei and distribution of cholinergic terminals in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus

Gene Profiling of Nucleus Basalis Tau Containing Neurons in Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium Study

Cholinergic circuitry of the human nucleus basalis and its fate in Alzheimer's disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About