Tyrosinase Inhibition Antioxidant Effect and Cytotoxicity Studies of the Extracts of Cudrania tricuspidata Fruit Standardized in Chlorogenic Acid

Oh, Han-Mo; Park, Dae-Hun; Park, Jiyeon; Song, Seung-Yub; Lee, Sungho; Yoon, Goo; Moon, Hong-Seop; Oh, Deog‐Hwan; Rhee, Sang-Hoon; Yoon, In‐Soo; Shim, Jung‐Hyun; Cho, Seung‐Sik

doi:10.3390/molecules24183266

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Although chlorogenic acid does not have a significant direct inhibitory effect, its metabolites can inhibit melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells by inhibiting tyrosinase activity. Oh et al [38] showed that ethanol extract has the best tyrosinase inhibitory activity, similar to the results of this study. The extracts with the best tyrosinase inhibitory activity in this study were No.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Analyses of the Compositions, Antioxidant Capacities, and Tyrosinase-Inhibitory Activities of Extracts from Two New Varieties of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat Using Four Solvents

Chen

Yan

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat is traditionally used as both medicine and food in China. In this study, extracts of C. morifolium Ramat Hang Ju No. 1 (No. 1) and No. 2 (No. 2) were produced using four different solvents: 95% ethanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane and distilled water. In total, eight types of extracts were analyzed for extraction yields and total flavonoids, polyphenols, glycans, reducing sugars, and chlorogenic acids. The antioxidant capacities and tyrosinase-inhibitory activities of these extracts were also determined. Among them, the ethanolic extract of No. 1 (No. 1A) had the highest levels of total flavonoids (16.71 mg rutin equivalent/g dry weight (DW)), polyphenols (7.07 mg gallic acid equivalent/g DW), and chlorogenic acids (6595.46 μg/g DW) and the water extract of No. 1 (No. 1D) had the highest levels of total glycans (9.24 mg/g DW), and reducing sugars (23.32 μg/g DW). In terms of antioxidant capacity, No. 1A (1.0 mg/mL) demonstrated the best 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (96.2 ± 0.4%), ferrous ion chelating ability (55.44 ± 0.03%), and reducing power (0.988 ± 0.003). No. 1D (1.0 mg/mL) showed the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity (39.34 ± 0.03%). From these results, high levels of total flavonoids and polyphenols correlate with antioxidant capacity. Moreover, high levels of total chlorogenic acid in No. 1A and No. 1D correlate with high levels of tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Therefore, No. 1A has the potential to be used in daily health drinks, foods and skin whitening products. These results can be applied to similar flower plant extracts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…1, are suitable for development as whitening ingredients (Table 7). Chlorogenic acid has excellent antioxidant capacity [38,39]. Although chlorogenic acid does not have a significant direct inhibitory effect, its metabolites can inhibit melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells by inhibiting tyrosinase activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of the Compositions, Antioxidant Capacities, and Tyrosinase-Inhibitory Activities of Extracts from Two New Varieties of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat Using Four Solvents

Chen

Yan

et al. 2021

Applied Sciences

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“…As far as the literature could ascertain, compounds from coffee have been reported to be effective enzyme inhibitors. For example, caffeine, chlorogenic and caffeic acids exhibited promising enzyme inhibitory effects in in vitro and in vivo studies [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 53 , 54 ]. In addition, we observed a low correlation between the total bioactive compounds and the enzyme inhibitory effects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Properties of Different Extracts Obtained from Spent Coffee Ground and Coffee Silverskin

Zengin

Sinan

Mahomoodally

et al. 2020

Foods

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In a world where an eco-friendlier approach is becoming more and more necessary, it is essential to reduce waste production and to reuse residues of the company’s supply chain. Coffee silverskin (CS) and spent coffee ground (SCG), two by-products of coffee production, are important sources of bioactive compounds and, for this, some authors have proposed their reuse in the nutraceutical, food, and cosmetic sector. However, their potential enzyme inhibitory properties have been poorly investigated. Hence, the objective of the current work was to study the enzymatic inhibitory activities against acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and tyrosinase of different extracts of CS and SCG. Before these in vitro bioassays, the phytochemical composition of each extract was investigated via colorimetric assays and HPLC-MS/MS analysis. In addition, the antioxidant activities were evaluated by different chemical approaches. SCG extracts contained a higher content of bioactive compounds, notably the SCG EtOH:H2O extract was the richest in caffeine and possessed the highest antioxidant activities. The hydroalcoholic and methanolic extracts were shown to be the most active against all tested enzymes, while the water extracts displayed lower activity. Our results showed a weak correlation between bioactive compounds and enzyme inhibitory effects, proving inhibitory activities likely due to non-phenolic molecules such as alkaloids and terpenoids. Obtained findings could be a starting point to develop novel nutraceuticals from CS and SCG.

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“…Curcuma longa (C. longa), a member of the Zingiberaceae family, has several biological effects such as anti-inflammation, hyperlipidemia inhibition, and gastroprotection [9][10][11][12] . Our group has also worked to develop safe anti-inflammatory drugs from natural products [13][14][15] . Previously, we reported the anti-inflammatory effect of A. hookeri but were unable to elucidate the exact mechanism of action involved in the effect 14 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Anti-inflammatory Effect of Curcuma longa and Allium hookeri Co-treatment via NF-κB and COX-2 Pathways

Lee

Cho

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Although inflammation is a host defense mechanism, chronic inflammation mediates several diseases, including cancer, allergy, asthma, and autoimmune diseases, and reportedly, it is associated with a 60% mortality rate. There are several reports on the anti-inflammatory effects of Curcuma longa and Allium hookeri. However, although they can be used as culinary materials and have biological effects, they are not effective anti-inflammatory agents. In this study, we evaluated the synergic effect of C. longa and A. hookeri in order to confirm the possibility of a new anti-inflammatory agent. Based on cell viability and cytokine analyses, the appropriate ratio of C. longa and A. hookeri was confirmed using an air pouch animal model. Then, the anti-inflammatory effect of C. longa and A. hookeri co-treatment was evaluated by measuring the immune cell count and cytokines in the exudate and by comparing the morphological changes and cytokines in inflamed skin samples. Additionally, we evaluated the NF-κB/ COX-2 pathway and iNOS levels. The active constituents detected in C. longa were demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin, and that detected in A. hookeri was methylsulfonylmethane. An in vitro assessment determined the appropriate drug ratio as 3:7. In a carrageenan-induced inflammatory model, co-treatment effectively suppressed inflammatory cytokines, including IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-13, and IL-17, and recovered inflammation-related morphological changes in the skin. The antiinflammatory effect of the co-treatment was mediated through the NF-κB/COX-2 pathway and iNOS inhibition. We concluded that co-treatment with C. longa and A. hookeri synergistically inhibited inflammation via the NF-κB/COX-2/iNOS pathway. Inflammation is a biological, homeostatic defense mechanism against foreign bodies. However, chronic inflammation can cause additional damage in cases of cancer, allergy, asthma, autoimmune diseases, glomerulonephritis, hepatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and other disorders 1. Moreover, chronic inflammation can result in death. Reportedly, chronic inflammatory diseases 2 are associated with a 60% worldwide mortality. Steroidal hormones are the most potent anti-inflammatory drugs owing to their ability to block all inflammatory pathways; however, tolerance against such drugs is easily developed. Hence, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are broadly used. However, NSAIDs have severe adverse effects as they damage the upper gastrointestinal tract by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis 3. Several cytokines influence the occurrence or inhibition of inflammation. Pro-inflammatory cytokines that promote inflammation include interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-13, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) 4. Conversely, anti-inflammatory cytokines that can inhibit inflammation include IL-1Rα, IL-4, IL-10, IL-11, and TGF-β1 5. Furthermore, the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2)/inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) pathway is important in the pathogenesis of inflammat...

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Tyrosinase Inhibition Antioxidant Effect and Cytotoxicity Studies of the Extracts of Cudrania tricuspidata Fruit Standardized in Chlorogenic Acid

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Analyses of the Compositions, Antioxidant Capacities, and Tyrosinase-Inhibitory Activities of Extracts from Two New Varieties of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat Using Four Solvents

Analyses of the Compositions, Antioxidant Capacities, and Tyrosinase-Inhibitory Activities of Extracts from Two New Varieties of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat Using Four Solvents

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Properties of Different Extracts Obtained from Spent Coffee Ground and Coffee Silverskin

Anti-inflammatory Effect of Curcuma longa and Allium hookeri Co-treatment via NF-κB and COX-2 Pathways

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