Typologie et dendrochronolgie des toitures de l'église Saint-Laurent à Ename (Oudenaarde, prov. de Flandre Orientale)

Hoffsummer, Patrick

doi:10.55465/btoo7320

Cited by 5 publications

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“…The mounting principle was similar with Philibert De l'Orme's principle [20,21], where small wooden pieces with wooden fittings were used because of the lack of good quality and enough quantity of available wood (Figure 6c). Full reinforced concrete construction would have meant consistent temporary works and too cumbersome unfolding upon removal.…”

Section: Reims Cathedral Roof Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

A Sustainable Approach to Reconstruction: Historical Roof Structure Interventions

Kirizsán,

Tudoreanu-Crișan

2024

Sustainability

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The reconstruction of structural subassemblies in historic buildings is a widely debated topic that often arises throughout a building’s lifespan. The most vulnerable structures and, consequently, the most frequently modified are roofs, due to the materials used, which render them susceptible to biological decay or fire. This paper aims to analyse roof reconstructions across various historical periods and under different circumstances depending on the necessity for construction or reconstruction. Several exceptional reconstructions from Europe are examined, where the final solution was determined based on sustainability criteria from the construction period. Wood in roof trusses is often replaced with alternative materials such as metal or reinforced concrete. In the case of the Evangelical Church in Bistrița, destroyed by fire for the second time in 2008, the solution of replication using wood was adopted, and the wooden elements were calculated for fire resistance, according to the Eurocodes. Another important aspect to consider when constructing new roofs is the need for protective or temporary roof structures, where sustainability and reusability are fundamental requirements. The principles used to choose the covering method were different depending on the reconstruction period. Three analysis criteria were defined to compare historical solutions with current sustainability principles in the reconstruction and construction of new roofs for existing buildings.

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Section: Reims Cathedral Roof Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

A Sustainable Approach to Reconstruction: Historical Roof Structure Interventions

Kirizsán,

Tudoreanu-Crișan

2024

Sustainability

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“…As in Ghent, the sole-pieces and ashlar-pieces of the secondary trusses are attached to trimmers running from tiebeam to tiebeam. The roof of St. Lawrence's church in Ename (Oudenaarde), 25 km upstream on the Scheldt from Ghent is related to this type as well (Hoffsummer 1992a). Possibly dating from 1175-1185 CE, it is composed of principal trusses with tiebeams and trimmers, but the ashlar-pieces stand on the sole-pieces instead of the trimmers.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dating Medieval Ghent (Belgium): Dendrochronological and Typological Survey of the Roofs of Saint Nicholas’ Church

Debonne

Haneca

2023

Int. J. Wood Cult.

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Roof construction is a key element while documenting and studying building traditions in historical towns. In the city centre of Ghent (Belgium), numerous roofs of large monuments (churches, merchants’ halls, town halls) as well as historical houses from the pre-industrial era are still in place. Tree-ring research has been carried out on several intact roof constructions since the 1990s. The dated roofs range from the mid-13th to the 17th century. Recent research has revealed the presence of historical roofs in the church of St. Nicholas, an iconic building in the city’s historical centre. Tree-ring research has dated the roof constructions of the nave and the choir to the first and second quarters of the 13th century, which makes them the oldest preserved examples of carpentry in Ghent and among the oldest in Flanders (northern Belgium). These and other such dating results for the Ghent region allow for the development of a typology for (late) medieval and early modern roof constructions and provide context for a better understanding of the procurement, trade, and transport of building timber from the early 13th century to the early modern era.

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“…Le délai entre la date dendrochronologique et la mise en oeuvre du bois est donc également à considérer. En charpenterie pour les périodes historiques, à maintes reprises, il a été montré que le bois est généralement utilisé rapidement : entre six mois et un an après l'abattage, dans la plupart des cas (voir par exemple : Hoffsummer, 1995Hoffsummer, et 2002Mille, 1996 ;Hunot, 2001 ;Épaud, 2007 ;Le Digol & Bernard, 2007 : 315 ;Houbrechts, 2008 ;Maggi, 2015a). Ceci signifie que la date d'abattage est le plus souvent proche de la date de construction du bâtiment ou de la structure étudiée.…”

Section: Spécificité De La Méthodologieunclassified

Secrets d’échantillon pour une dendrochronologie de précision

Cremer,

Fraiture,

Maggi

et al. 2023

ASE

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La dendrochronologie offre la possibilité de déterminer la période de construction d'un élément architectural en datant l'abattage des arbres qui y sont mis en oeuvre. Des échantillons de bois ayant conservé leur cambium sont datés à l'année près, permettant de définir les phases d'abattage ayant été nécessaires à la construction des édifices. À travers six exemples étudiés en Belgique au laboratoire de dendrochronologie de l'IRPA, le présent article explique comment l'information dendrochronologique peut également être utilisée pour améliorer notre compréhension de l'approvisionnement, premier maillon de la chaîne opératoire, intimement lié au déroulement de la construction. Un échantillonnage dendrochronologique avisé, combiné à des observations archéologiques, permet de dater et de retracer avec précision l'évolution de la construction de grands ensembles architecturaux, de comprendre le chantier avant et après un évènement marquant comme un incendie ou une destruction, de restituer les aménagements intérieurs successifs et les espaces de circulation, mais aussi d'appréhender indirectement le travail réalisé en amont et pendant le chantier. L'établissement de datations précises fournit des informations précieuses sur les sources d'approvisionnement et leurs gestions (provenance locale ou importation, abattage programmé ou opportuniste, essences exploitées, nombre de coupes successives, calendrier d'abattage, etc.). Les études dendrochronologiques permettent également d'observer la diversité des ressources forestières du territoire se retrouvant dans les charpentes et d'aborder la relation entre qualité du bois et adaptations structurelles des fermes de charpente. ABSTRACT. Dendrochronology enables to determine the construction period of an architectural element by dating the felling of the trees used. Samples of wood that still contain waney edge are dated to the year, allowing to precisely define the felling phases necessary for the buildings construction. Through six examples studied in Belgium at IRPA's dendrochronology laboratory, this article explains how dendrochronological information can also be used to improve our understanding of the wood supply, the first step in the chaîne opératoire, intimately linked to the construction process. Careful dendrochronological sampling, combined with archaeological observations, allows: i) to date and establish accurately the construction evolution of large architectural ensembles, ii) to understand a building site before and after a significant event such as a fire or a destruction, iii) to reconstruct the successive interior fittings and circulation spaces, etc., but also iv) to indirectly apprehend the work carried out upstream and during construction. The use of precise dates provides valuable information on the sources of wood supply and their management (local or imported origin, programmed or opportunistic felling, species exploited, number of successive cuts, felling schedule, etc.). Dendrochronological studies also allow to enlighten the relation between woo...

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Typologie et dendrochronolgie des toitures de l'église Saint-Laurent à Ename (Oudenaarde, prov. de Flandre Orientale)

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

A Sustainable Approach to Reconstruction: Historical Roof Structure Interventions

A Sustainable Approach to Reconstruction: Historical Roof Structure Interventions

Dating Medieval Ghent (Belgium): Dendrochronological and Typological Survey of the Roofs of Saint Nicholas’ Church

Secrets d’échantillon pour une dendrochronologie de précision

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