Typologie de l’implantation de la flore spontanée en ville dense,

Lagurgue, Xavier; Mayrand, Flavie; Clergeau, Philippe

doi:10.4000/vertigo.25986

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Where this development is too uncertain (for example, in isolated spaces and areas with no soil and/or seed bank), soil can be added to accelerate plant development. In the design of buildings, architects and engineers are working on the development of walls and roofs with new materials that allow the spontaneous colonisation of plants and animals (Grobman et al, 2023;Lagurgue, Mayrand & Clergeau, 2019;Madre et al, 2014). Given that the perceptions and political roles of urban spaces differ according to context (e.g.…”

Section: (C) Governance and Inclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wilding cities for biodiversity and people: a transdisciplinary framework

Bonthoux,

Chollet

2024

Biological Reviews

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Accelerating urbanisation and associated lifestyle changes result in loss of biodiversity and diminished wellbeing of people through fewer direct interactions and experiences with nature. In this review, we propose the notion of urban wilding (the promotion of autonomous ecological processes that are independent of historical land‐use conditions, with minimal direct human maintenance and planting interventions) and investigate its propensity to improve biodiversity and people–nature connections in cities. Through a large interdisciplinary synthesis, we explore the ecological mechanisms through which urban wilding can promote biodiversity in cities, investigate the attitudes and relations of city dwellers towards urban wild spaces, and discuss the integration of urban wilding into the fabric of cities and its governance. We show that favouring assembly spontaneity by reducing planting interventions, and functional spontaneity by limiting maintenance practices, can promote plant diversity and provide ecological resources for numerous organisms at habitat and city scales. These processes could reverse biotic homogenisation, but further studies are needed to understand the effects of wilding on invasive species and their consequences. From a socio‐ecological perspective, the attitudes of city dwellers towards spontaneous vegetation are modulated by successional stages, with grassland and woodland stages preferred, but dense shrubby vegetation stages disliked. Wild spaces can diversify physical interactions with nature, and enrich multi‐sensory, affective and cognitive experiences of nature in cities. However, some aspects of wild spaces can cause anxiety, feeling unsafe, and the perception of abandonment. These negative attitudes could be mitigated by subtle design and maintenance interventions. While nature has long been thought of as ornamental and instrumental in cities, urban wilding could help to develop relational and intrinsic values of nature in the fabric of cities. Wildness and its singular aesthetics should be combined with cultural norms, resident uses and urban functions to plan and design urban spatial configurations promoting human–non‐human cohabitation. For urban wilding to be socially just and adapted to the needs of residents, its implementation should be backed by inclusive governance opening up discussion forums to residents and urban workers. Scientists can support these changes by collaborating with urban actors to design and experiment with new wild spaces promoting biodiversity and wellbeing of people in cities.

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Section: (C) Governance and Inclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wilding cities for biodiversity and people: a transdisciplinary framework

Bonthoux,

Chollet

2024

Biological Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These species exploit ecological niches which were not created intentionally, so that they form communities that appear to the most as messy and untidy [97]. Nevertheless, the strategies adopted by the species populating unmanaged interstitial habitats can not only inspire designers to intentionally replicate such conditions in buildings [98,99] but also help to define strategies for urban biodiversity conservation [75]. In the optic of reconciliation ecology (see the previous paragraph on the urban scale), green roofs and walls offer a great potential to support biodiversity [100] while providing several ecosystem services as multifunctional units [101].…”

Section: Biodiversity-sensitive Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One practical key/tool enabling architects to design life-hosting buildings proved to be a catalogue of ecological niches and species requirements [99,102,106,110,111] containing descriptions and sketches illustrating key biophysical aspects to host animals and plant assemblages (Fig. 4 and Table 1).…”

Section: Biodiversity-sensitive Buildingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Smart Sustainable Cities of the New Millennium: Towards Design for Nature

et al. 2021

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Urban environments consist of a mosaic of natural fragments, planned and unintentional habitats hosting both introduced and spontaneous species. The latter group exploits abandoned and degraded urban niches which, in the case of plants, form what is called the third landscape. In the Anthropocene, cities, open spaces and buildings must be planned and designed considering not only human needs but also those of other living organisms. The scientific approach of habitat sharing is defined as reconciliation ecology, whilst the action of implementing the ecosystem services and functioning of such anthropogenic habitats is called Urban Rehabilitation. However, urban development still represents the main cause of biodiversity loss worldwide. Yet, the approach of planners and landscape architects highly diverges from that of ecologists and scientists on how to perceive, define and design urban green and blue infrastructure. For instance, designers focus on the positive impact that nature (generally associated with indoor and outdoor greeneries) has on human well-being, often neglecting ecosystems’ health. Instead, considering the negative impact of any form of development and to achieve the no net loss Aichi’s objectives, conservationists apply mitigation hierarchy policies to avoid or reduce the impact and to offset biodiversity. The rationale of this review paper is to set the fundamentals for a multidisciplinary design framework tackling the issue of biodiversity loss in the urban environment by design for nature. The method focuses on the building/city/landscape scales and is enabled by emerging digital technologies, i.e., geographic information systems, building information modelling, ecological simulation and computational design.

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Typologie de l’implantation de la flore spontanée en ville dense,

Cited by 2 publications

References 30 publications

Wilding cities for biodiversity and people: a transdisciplinary framework

Wilding cities for biodiversity and people: a transdisciplinary framework

Smart Sustainable Cities of the New Millennium: Towards Design for Nature

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