Typical versus delayed speech onset influences verbal reporting of autistic interests

Chiodo, Liliane; Majerus, Steve; Mottron, Laurent

doi:10.1186/s13229-017-0155-7

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Further studies will be needed to confirm and extend our results, and to overcome certain limitations of the present study, one of which concerns the small size of our samples. Given that some papers on ASD made the distinction between ASD with and without speech onset delay to account for the heterogeneity of the spectrum regarding visuospatial abilities (e.g., Nader et al, 2015;Chiodo et al, 2017), further research should take into account the effects of the speech onset delay on the perspective-taking performances of children with ASD. In addition, previous findings provided evidence for executive dysfunctions in ASD (e.g., Berenguer et al, 2018), thus it might be interesting to consider also the effect of executive functions on the perspective-taking performance of children with ASD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Perspective-Taking in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Predictive Role of Visuospatial and Motor Abilities

Cardillo

Erbì

Mammarella

2020

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Despite its impact on everyday functioning, spatial perspective-taking has rarely been investigated in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and previous findings are surprisingly sparse and inconsistent. In the present study, we aimed to investigate spatial perspective-taking abilities in children and adolescents with ASD without intellectual disabilities, comparing them with a group of typically developing (TD) peers. Our objectives were: (i) to test similarities and differences between these groups in a spatial perspective-taking task; and (ii) to see whether similar or different underlying processes (i.e., fine and gross motor skills, and visuospatial abilities) might account for the groups' performance in the spatial perspective-taking task. A group of children with ASD (N = 36) was compared with a TD group (N = 39), aged from 8 to 16 years. Participants were administered tasks assessing spatial perspective-taking, fine and gross motor skills, visuo-constructive abilities, visuospatial working memory, visual imagery, and mental rotation. Our results revealed that the ASD group had more difficulty with the spatial perspective-taking task than the TD group. The two groups also had some shared and some different processes that predicted their perspective-taking performance: a significant predictive effect of fine motor skills and visuospatial working memory emerged for both groups, while gross motor skills (i.e., walking heel-to-toe) and visuospatial imagery only revealed a role in the TD group. These findings suggest that different abilities might account for the two groups' performance in the spatial perspective-taking task. Gross motor skills and complex visuospatial abilities seem to be more important in sustaining spatial perspective-taking ability in typical development than in the event of ASD. Some of the clinical and educational implications of these findings are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Perspective-Taking in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Predictive Role of Visuospatial and Motor Abilities

Cardillo

Erbì

Mammarella

2020

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Excluding the aspect of speech from the diagnostic criteria accounts for much heterogeneity and increases the risk of losing the information conveyed by speech to the diagnosis. Having or not a history of SOD has a lifelong impact, not only on language and speech [50] but also on the nature of peaks of abilities [51], intelligence subtest profiles [52], motor difficulties [53], domains of interest [54], lateralization of brain structures [55] and functions [56], gyrification [57], white matter [58], and neural activity during speech-like processing [59], which are unavoidably blurred when the two subgroups are analyzed together.…”

Section: Study Autism Subgroups Separately Then Compare Themmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autism spectrum heterogeneity: fact or artifact?

2020

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The current diagnostic practices are linked to a 20-fold increase in the reported prevalence of ASD over the last 30 years. Fragmenting the autism phenotype into dimensional “autistic traits” results in the alleged recognition of autism-like symptoms in any psychiatric or neurodevelopemental condition and in individuals decreasingly distant from the typical population, and prematurely dismisses the relevance of a diagnostic threshold. Non-specific socio-communicative and repetitive DSM 5 criteria, combined with four quantitative specifiers as well as all their possible combinations, render limitless variety of presentations consistent with the categorical diagnosis of ASD. We propose several remedies to this problem: maintain a line of research on prototypical autism; limit the heterogeneity compatible with a categorical diagnosis to situations with a phenotypic overlap and a validated etiological link with prototypical autism; reintroduce the qualitative properties of autism presentations and of current dimensional specifiers, language, intelligence, comorbidity, and severity in the criteria used to diagnose autism in replacement of quantitative “social” and “repetitive” criteria; use these qualitative features combined with the clinical intuition of experts and machine-learning algorithms to differentiate coherent subgroups in today’s autism spectrum; study these subgroups separately, and then compare them; and question the autistic nature of “autistic traits”

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“…2011 ), motor abilities ( Barbeau et al. 2015a ), and reported domains of interest ( Chiodo et al. 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age of Speech Onset in Autism Relates to Structural Connectivity in the Language Network

Barbeau

Klein

Soulières

et al. 2020

Cerebral Cortex Communications

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Speech onset delays (SOD) and language atypicalities are central aspects of the autism spectrum (AS), despite not being included in the categorical diagnosis of AS. Previous studies separating participants according to speech onset history have shown distinct patterns of brain organisation and activation in perceptual tasks. One major white matter tract, the arcuate fasciculus (AF), connects the posterior temporal and left frontal language regions. Here, we used anatomical brain imaging to investigate the properties of the AF in adolescent and adult autistic individuals with typical levels of intelligence who differed by age of speech onset. The left AF of the AS group showed a significantly smaller volume than that of the non-autistic group. Such a reduction in volume was only present in the younger group. This result was driven by the autistic group without SOD (SOD-), despite their typical age of speech onset. The autistic group with SOD (SOD+) showed a more typical AF as adults relative to matched controls. This suggests, along with multiple studies in AS-SOD+ individuals, that atypical brain reorganisation is observable in the two major AS subgroups and that such reorganisation applies mostly to the language regions in SOD- and perceptual regions in SOD+ individuals.

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Typical versus delayed speech onset influences verbal reporting of autistic interests

Cited by 8 publications

References 53 publications

Spatial Perspective-Taking in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Predictive Role of Visuospatial and Motor Abilities

Spatial Perspective-Taking in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: The Predictive Role of Visuospatial and Motor Abilities

Autism spectrum heterogeneity: fact or artifact?

Age of Speech Onset in Autism Relates to Structural Connectivity in the Language Network

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