Typical tropospheric aerosol backscatter profiles for Southern Ireland: The Cork Raman lidar

McAuliffe, Michael A. P.; Ruth, Albert A.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.09.020

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Above 1000 m, the attenuated backscattering coefficient was below 0.65 Mm −1 sr −1 ; at approximately 2000 m, the coefficient was lower than 0.1 Mm −1 sr −1 . A vertical gradient with high values below and low values above is consistent with the characteristics of vertical gradient in other cities and regions (Tesche et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2009;Liu et al, 2012;Cao et al, 2013;McAuliffe and Ruth, 2013), although it is different from those regions that are severely affected by regional transport (Noh et al, 2007). Thus, the gradual declining trend in the attenuated backscattering coefficient from near the surface to the upper boundary layer also indicates that the main sources of atmospheric aerosols are from the near-surface layers in Beijing.…”

Section: Vertical Distribution Of Attenuated Backscattering Coefficientssupporting

confidence: 51%

“…Using these observation methods to study the vertical gradient, the effects of sand storms (Zhang et al, 2006;McAuliffe and Ruth, 2013), volcanic eruptions (Emeis et al, 2011), and anthropogenic sources (Tesche et al, 2007;Kamp et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2009;Hänel et al, 2012;Sun et al, 2013) on the atmospheric environment have been evaluated in several countries. However, such studies in northern China remain at the initial stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of emission controls on air quality in Beijing during APEC 2014: lidar ceilometer observations

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The implementation of emission reductions during the 2014 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit provides a valuable opportunity to study air pollution in Beijing. From 15 October to 30 November 2014, the height of the atmospheric mixing layer and the vertical attenuated backscattering coefficient profiles were observed online using a lidar ceilometer. Compared with fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and aerosol optical depth (AOD) data, the attenuated backscattering coefficients measured by the lidar ceilometer were strongly correlated with the PM 2.5 concentration and AOD (correlation coefficients of 0.89 and 0.86, respectively). This result demonstrated the reliability of the vertical distribution of particles measured by the lidar ceilometer. By classifying different degrees of air pollution based on visibility, we found that during the transition period of air pollution, which was affected by transport of southerly flows in the mixing layer, the attenuated backscattering coefficient from 0 to 1500 m was enhanced by approximately 1.4 Mm −1 sr −1 (140 %). During the polluted period, the attenuated backscattering coefficient from 0 to 300 m suddenly increased, and the coefficient near the surface peaked (approximately 14 Mm −1 sr −1 ); however, the attenuated backscattering coefficient from 300 to 900 m decreased gradually, and the average value from 0 to 1500 m decreased by 0.5 Mm −1 sr −1 (20 %). The height of the mixing layer gradually decreased, and the ratio of CO / SO 2 gradually increased, which indicate that the polluted period was dominated by local contribution. Due to the emission reductions during APEC (DAPEC), the concentration of PM 2.5 decreased by 59.2 and 58.9 % and visibility improved by 70.2 and 56.0 % compared to before (BAPEC) and after APEC (AAPEC), respectively. The contribution of regional transport in DAPEC decreased by approximately 36 and 25 %, and the local contribution decreased by approximately 48 and 54 % compared to BAPEC and AAPEC, respectively. The most effective method of controlling air pollution in the Beijing area is to reduce regional emissions during the transition period and reduce local emissions during the polluted period.

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Section: Vertical Distribution Of Attenuated Backscattering Coefficientssupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of emission controls on air quality in Beijing during APEC 2014: lidar ceilometer observations

et al. 2015

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show abstract

“…Above 1000 m, the attenuated backscattering coefficient was lower than 0.65 Mm −1 sr −1 , and at approximately 2000 m, the coefficient was lower than 0.1 Mm −1 sr −1 . A vertical gradient with high values below and low values above is consistent with the characteristics of vertical gradient variations in other cities and regions(Tesche et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2009;Liu et al, 2012;Cao et al, 2013;McAuliffe and Ruth, 2013), although it is different from those of regions that are severely affected by regional transport(Yang et al, 2007). Thus, the gradual declining trend in the attenuated backscattering coefficient…”

supporting

confidence: 65%

“…Studies of the vertical distribution characteristics of atmospheric aerosols include layered observations from meteorological observation towers, mooring boats, airplanes, ground remote sensing and satellites, and such data can be utilized for exploration and measurements of different spatial regions from the near-surface to high-level atmosphere. Using these observation methods to study the vertical gradient, the effects of sand dusts (Zhang et al, 2006;McAuliffe and Ruth, 2013), volcanic explosions (Emeis et al, 2014), and anthropogenic sources (Tesche et al, 2007; van der Kamp et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2009;Hänel et al, 2012;Sun et al, 2013) on the atmospheric environment have been evaluated in various countries. However, such studies in North China remain at the initial stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical variations of aerosols and the effects responded to the emission control: application of lidar ceilometer in Beijing during APEC, 2014

Tang¹,

Zhu²,

Hu³

et al. 2015

Preprint

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Abstract. During the 2014 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit, a reduction of air pollution sources was coordinated to ensure good air quality in Beijing and the surrounding provinces and cities. By investigating variations in air pollution during this period, the effects of local emissions and regional transport can be better understood and the information can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of emission reduction strategies and provide a theoretical basis to guide future emission reduction strategies. From 15 October to 30 November 2014, the height of the atmospheric mixing layer and the aerosol attenuated backscattering coefficient profile were observed online using a lidar ceilometer. By investigating the correlation between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) data near the surface and attenuated backscattering coefficients measured by the lidar ceilometer as well as the correlation between aerosol optical depth (AOD) and attenuated backscattering coefficients of the 0 to 4500 m column, we found that the attenuated backscattering coefficient measured by the lidar ceilometer is highly correlated with the PM2.5 concentration and AOD (correlation coefficients of 0.89 and 0.86, respectively). This result demonstrates the reliability of the vertical profile of aerosols measured by the lidar ceilometer. By analyzing the atmospheric backscattering profile, we found that during the initial stage of pollution accumulation, which is affected by transport of southerly jet flows at low altitude, the attenuated backscattering coefficient of atmospheric aerosols from 0 to 1500 m was greatly enhanced by approximately 1.4 Mm-1 sr-1 (140%). At the peak pollution stage, the height of the mixing layer gradually decreased, the ratio of CO/SO2 gradually increased and emissions were dominated by local emissions. The attenuated backscattering coefficient of aerosols from 0 to 300 m suddenly increased, and the aerosols near surface had the highest value (approximately 14 Mm-1 sr-1); however, the attenuated backscattering coefficient of aerosols from 300 to 900 m gradually decreased, and the average value from 0 to 1500 m decreased by 0.5 Mm-1 sr-1 (20%). By comparing the PM2.5 concentrations before, during and after APEC (BAPEC, DAPEC and AAPEC, respectively), we found that the concentration of fine particles decreased by 60% and visibility improved by 60% during APEC. In addition, compared with the BAPEC and AAPEC periods, the contribution of regional transport in the DAPEC period decreased by approximately 36 and 25%, respectively, and the local contribution decreased by approximately 48 and 54%, respectively. Thus, the most effective method of controlling air pollution in the Beijing area is to reduce regional emissions during the initial stage of air pollution and reduce local emissions during the peak pollution stage.

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“…Analysis of the removal processes over Northwestern Europe revealed that wet deposition was the main process of dust removal (73 Tg). McAuliffe and Ruth (), via ground based lidar measurements over Southern Ireland, documented dust transport from the Sahara in late April 2011 where a thick layer of dust extending from 0.5 to 2 km in altitude was detected by the Cork Raman Lidar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polar Jet Associated Circulation Triggered a Saharan Cyclone and Derived the Poleward Transport of the African Dust Generated by the Cyclone

et al. 2018

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In this study, we identify a new mechanism by which dust aerosols travel over long distances across the eastern side of the North Atlantic Ocean toward the Arctic. The meandering polar jet was at the origin of both dust emission through cyclogenesis over Northwest Africa and poleward transport of the uplifted dust toward the Arctic, through cut-off circulation. The dust emission was associated with an intense

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Typical tropospheric aerosol backscatter profiles for Southern Ireland: The Cork Raman lidar

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Impact of emission controls on air quality in Beijing during APEC 2014: lidar ceilometer observations

Impact of emission controls on air quality in Beijing during APEC 2014: lidar ceilometer observations

Vertical variations of aerosols and the effects responded to the emission control: application of lidar ceilometer in Beijing during APEC, 2014

Polar Jet Associated Circulation Triggered a Saharan Cyclone and Derived the Poleward Transport of the African Dust Generated by the Cyclone

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