Typhoid Fever in the United States, 1999-2006

Acute and Potentially Life-Threatening Tropical Diseases in Western Travelers—A GeoSentinel Multicenter Study, 1996–2011

“…The most commonly seen entity, enteric fever caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi and S. enterica serotype Paratyphi, has an untreated mortality rate in the range of 10-20%, which is indicated by studies from the preantibiotic era. 15 However, consistent with recent studies from developed countries, 16,17 no fatalities were identified among the 661 patients in this analysis, a finding that may reflect the efficacy of modern treatment of enteric fever. Most of our cases were acquired by males and travelers to the Indian subcontinent, but in contrast to other studies, [16][17][18] we identified most cases in tourists and relatively fewer among VFR (8) 17 (7) 8 (9) 4 (14) 0 (0) 2 (15) 1 (14) 3 (50) VFR 123 (28) 54 (23) 3 (4) 4 (14) 3 (19) 0 (0) 1 (14) 0 (0) Other 59 (14) 31 (13) 5 (6) 1 (4) 4 (25) 0 (0) 3 (43) 0 (0) Pre-travel consultation (n, %) 160 (40) 113 (53) 32 (40) 12 (43) 5 (33) 6 (50) 3 (43) 1 (20) Exposure region (n, %) Caribbean 10 (2) 1 ( 1) 7 (8) 2 (7) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (17) Central America 25 (6) 1 ( 1) 15 (17) 4 (14) 1 (6) …”

Summary of the Statement on International Travellers and Typhoid by the Committee to Advise on Tropical Medicine and Travel (CATMAT)

“…The case fatality rate is approximately 10% for untreated cases in low income settings and <1% for patients receiving care in high income countries (13)(14)(15)(16)(17).…”

La fièvre typhoïde n’est plus aussi simple à soigner

“…Pour avoir une idée de la circulation de ces souches à l'échelle de la planète, il faut s'intéresser à des études locales, le plus souvent limitées dans le temps et dont la représentativité n'est pas toujours optimale, ou bien alors se reposer sur des réseaux de surveillance européens ou américains qui rapportent les données issues de voyageurs ou d'immigrants [24,25] [14,[24][25][26]. L'explication la plus vraisemblable en est l'élimination progressive du plasmide de multirésistance probablement due à la baisse de la pression de sélection par ces …”