Types of HVAC Systems

Seyam, Shaimaa

doi:10.5772/intechopen.78942

Cited by 31 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…The vapor-compression refrigeration cycle (VCRS) is the most widely used cycle for refrigerators, air-conditioning systems, and heat pumps [1,2]. It consists of four processes, as shown in Figure 2:…”

Section: Vapor-compression Refrigeration Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy and Exergy Analysis of Refrigeration Systems

Seyam¹

2020

Low-Temperature Technologies

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Refrigeration systems have the priority in design for residential and industrial applications. The chapter includes five major refrigeration systems: vaporcompression refrigeration; ammonia-water absorption refrigeration; gas refrigeration where standard air is the most popular refrigerant; multi-pressure refrigeration including multistage, cascade, and multipurpose refrigeration system; and heat pump systems. Energy and exergy analysis has been presented for most of the systems. The energetic and the exergetic COP for each system are presented. Renewable energy sources are also discussed including geothermal, solar, and wind energy, a with combination with refrigeration systems in different industrial and residential applications. The overall efficiency of the renewable systems is achieved to be more than 50% providing promising solutions for energy use and having a low environmental impact.

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Section: Vapor-compression Refrigeration Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vapor refrigeration system is a closed cycle where it starts and ends at state 1. This type of refrigeration system can be used for refrigerators, inside the air conditioners as split air conditioners, and separate as in radiant cooling systems [3,4] and air-to-air systems [1].…”

Section: Vapor-compression Refrigeration Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy and Exergy Analysis of Refrigeration Systems

Seyam¹

2020

Low-Temperature Technologies

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“…In central air conditioning, air, water, or both are used as working fluids to produce the required heating and/or cooling, and therefore based on working fluids, central air conditioning systems can be classified into three groups [1][2][3][4][5], namely:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central Air Conditioning: Systems and Applications

Elnaggar¹,

Alnahhal²

2020

Low-Temperature Technologies

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It became evident nowadays that modernization influences domestic and commercial HVAC industry, and thus high technological and energy-efficient central air conditioning systems are demanded. Therefore, the selection of proper type of central air conditioning system is a crucial target in the construction industry as improper selection can maximize initial and/or running costs of the system and decreases the human comfort and indoor air quality levels. In fact, a pre-assessment of the construction type and budget available is required for selecting the proper type of central air conditioning system. Therefore, there is a continuous need for an updated material in the literature that reviews the central air conditioning systems and applications, which is the motivation of the present chapter. The present chapter reviews the central air conditioning systems and applications. Specifically, all-air systems, all-water systems, and air-water systems are discussed. In addition, all provided systems are further explored through several developed schematic diagrams enabling the identification of their various components and the understanding of their working principles. It is may be of interest to note that this chapter is suitable for undergraduate level students in the fields of HVAC and R, mechanical, and construction engineering.

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“…[6][7][8] Solar panels can be combined with heat pump systems, which is an effective way to exploit the solar energy for air-conditioning residential spaces for both heating and cooling seasons. [9][10][11] However, solar energy is significantly changed according to temporal, spatial, and climatic conditions. Therefore, a supplement heat source is required to ensure the continuity and reliability of operating such systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intensive research has been conducted in order to provide suitable and sustainable solutions such as geothermal wells, which can be combined with heat pump systems referred to as a ground source heat pump (GSHP). 11,12 GSHP systems are a promising technology that can take advantage of the ground both as a heat source and as a heat sink for energy storage. Since heat pump systems are affected on the air temperature, it is recommended to obtain constant surrounding conditions in order to achieve the more stable performance of heat pump systems with less environmental impact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic analysis of a hybrid energy system using geothermal and solar energy sources with thermal storage in a residential building

2019

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Residential buildings in Canada require remarkable heating loads in the winter. Many homeowners potentially consider more cost effective and environmentally-benign solutions, including solar energy systems, in order to replace fossil fuels. However, this might not be efficient because many cities are exposed to minimum solar radiation resulting in large surface area of solar panels.Therefore, a hybrid energy system is designed to combine five photovoltaic thermal solar panels, a 300-m geothermal loop, and 9463.53-kg water of phase change material thermal battery storage for a residential building of 325 m 2 total floor space in the city of Oshawa, Canada. The building has maximum heating and cooling loads of 13.8 and 8.7 kW, respectively. A thermodynamic analysis is applied to the system in January and the whole year. It was found that the solar panels can supply thermal energy and electrical power of 8 and 50 W, respectively, in January, while the geothermal and thermal storage energy can provide 16.8 and 9 kW over the year, respectively. The hybrid system requires an additional heating load of 1.85 kW from the furnace. The overall energetic and exergetic coefficient of performance of the system are estimated to be 54.58% and 3.34% in the winter and 42.6% and 4.47% in the summer, respectively. K E Y W O R D S efficiency, energy storage, exergy, geothermal energy, heat pump, photovoltaics, solar energy

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Types of HVAC Systems

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

Energy and Exergy Analysis of Refrigeration Systems

Energy and Exergy Analysis of Refrigeration Systems

Central Air Conditioning: Systems and Applications

Thermodynamic analysis of a hybrid energy system using geothermal and solar energy sources with thermal storage in a residential building

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