Abstract:The types of defects that have caused in-service failures and hydrostatic test failures of natural gas and hazardous liquid pipelines comprised of electric resistance welded (ERW) or flash-welded seams were revealed by a study of 569 seam failure incidents that occurred over a period from the 1940s through the present. This study confirmed that ERW and flash-welded seam manufacturing defects, such as cold welds (lack of fusion) and hook cracks, are frequent causes of hydrostatic test failures. Causes of in-ser… Show more
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