Types of Agriculture Land Tenancy System in Demak District, Demak Regency

Abstract

Agricultural tenancy system is a farmland management system commonly used by farmers. This system poses as a provider for rural community’s job opportunities and occupations. The purpose of this research is to identify types of tenancy system and the on-farm profiles in Demak District, Demak Regency. The connection between farmlands and these profiles may become a ground for mutual arrangement with the government in order to protect the existence of farmlands. The result of survey to 238 respondents in the district identified there are at least four types of tenancy system that exist in Demak District society, namely: (1) basic tenancy system, (2) partial tenancy system, (3) farm bussiness tenancy system, and (4) managerial tenancy system. Furthermore, based on age characteristics and farming experience data, it is identified that there are possibilities of scarcity in farming profiles of the next generation, which may threat the existence of farmlands. Author argued that the scarcity may be due to job diversification in rural areas. This research suggests a new approach to implement the agricultural land protection policy by modifying one of the existing agricultural land tenancy systems into a contract based system with the government. The contract is aimed to formalize and bind on-farm profiles with their farmland, as well as to limit the number of them. Thus, other productive labor force may be shifted to another field for regional economic development.

How Can Rice Farmers Gain Profit? An Analysis of Sharecropping Practice among Farmers, Landowners, and Laborers in Sukadiri Subdistrict of Tangerang

“…Middle-aged groups are more likely to have farming experience(Zhou & Li, 2022), perform a positive work ethic, and are more attentive to wanting balance in their lives(Baah & Kidido, 2020).The working manner is better compared to other generations. It is also stated that below and beyond this range, the farmer may be too weak for vigorous farming activities or may be too young to experience employing the farm(Baah & Kidido, 2020;Mouris & Setiawan, 2019).Education is stated to improve an individual's understanding of production techniques(Moon et al, 2020) and commercialization participation(Abdullah et al, 2019). However, this is not the case in the current study since most of the farmers are illiterate.…”

“…As previously described, Table 6 shows two analyzes in cost structurize that are (i) a In analysis 1 of Table 6, we examined the cost of farming under a sharecropping system, the total explicit cost experienced by farmers was found to be less than the total cost in analysis 2 of Table 7. The cost saving in production escalates revenues, resulting in a high revenue-cost (R/C) ratio (Ahmed & Billah, 2018;Mouris & Setiawan, 2019). The R/C ratio on explicit cost is 4,76 which demonstrates the conditions of the sharecropping system of 50:50 of rice production.…”

“…The job is performed at a piece rate and paid using harvest in a 1:4 yield ratio for labor and farmer. The definition of a system where the sharecroppers employ other laborers and pay them by crop-sharing may be similar to a mechanism described by Mouris & Setiawan (2019) as a managerial tenancy system.…”

“…Other researchers focused on the characteristics of sharecropping. Ahmed & Billah (2018) and Mouris & Setiawan (2019) examined the impact of sharecropping on farmlands, while Quijada et al (2022) found that sharecropping shows higher technical efficiencies compared to fixed-rental arrangements. However, there is no detail emphasizing how laborers are employed.…”