Type-specific protection of neonatal rats from lethal group B streptococcal infection by immune sera obtained from human volunteers vaccinated with type III-specific polysaccharide

Cueninck, B J De; Eisenstein, Toby K.; McIntosh, Thomas; Shockman, Gérald D.; Swenson, Robert M.

doi:10.1128/iai.37.3.961-965.1982

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The present data indicate that antibody, induced in human volunteers by a vaccine consisting of the undegraded extracellular type III-specific polysaccharide of group B streptococcus, opsonized bacteria of the homologous type in vitro. The same antibodies provided serotypespecific protection in an animal model of neonatal infection (12). Both observations support the working hypothesis on which the development of a group B streptococcal vaccine for use in humans is based.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Acquired immunity to group B streptococcal infection in human neonates (4,5) and to experimental group B streptococcal infection in mice (7,10,25) and in neonatal rats (12,19) has been associated with antibody to the type-specific polysaccharides or proteins of the organism, and the opsonic activity of type-specific antibodies has been demonstrated in vitro (1,6,14,22).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitation of in vitro opsonic activity of human antibody induced by a vaccine consisting of the type III-specific polysaccharide of group B streptococcus

Cueninck¹,

Eisenstein²,

McIntosh³

et al. 1983

Infect Immun

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Human antibody, induced by a vaccine consisting of undegraded and highly purified extracellular type III-specific polysaccharide of group B streptococcus, was shown to increase the rate of phagocyte-mediated killing of bacteria of the homologous type. The bactericidal effect was mediated by type III-specific antibody and was complement dependent. An assay which permitted quantitation of "opsonic activity" was developed. In this assay, loss of CFUs occurred at a constant rate, and the rate constant was used as a measure of opsonic activity of antisera. A linear relationship between type III-specific antibody concentration (40 to 500 ng/ml) and the rate constant of killing was observed. When sets of immune sera were tested, some sera reacted anomalously, mediating significantly higher or lower rates than expected on the basis of their antibody content. Since type III-specific antibody in immune sera was found almost exclusively in the immunoglobulin G class, we hypothesize that differences in immunoglobulin G subclass distribution of specific antibody may have been the source of this variation.were sedimented with dextran (Dextran T500; Pharmacia Fine Chemicals, Piscataway, N.J.), and PMN were isolated from the leucocyte-rich plasma by densi-1155 on August 1, 2020 by guest http://iai.asm.org/ Downloaded from

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitation of in vitro opsonic activity of human antibody induced by a vaccine consisting of the type III-specific polysaccharide of group B streptococcus

Cueninck¹,

Eisenstein²,

McIntosh³

et al. 1983

Infect Immun

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“…Absence of the latter drastically reduces or abolishes GBS killing by phagocytes [8]. Type-specific antibodies maximize phagocytosis and killing when complement is present, and protect against infection both in human and experimental models when they are present in sufficent concentrations in sera [1,2,[34][35][36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibody-independent protection in mice against type Ia group B streptococcus lethal infection

Scaringi

1994

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology

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There is ample evidence that protection against group B streptococcal (GBS) disease, both in experimental animals and in humans, is related to the presence of specific antibodies and complement. However, until now the possibility of increasing resistance to GBS infection by potentiating natural cell-mediated immunity in the host, has not been explored. In this study we examine the effect of administering in vivo MVE-2 (a polymer fraction of 1,2-co-polymer of divinyl ether and maleic anhydride) and inactivated Candida albicans (CA) cells on mouse resistance to the reference strain type Ia 090 GBS (GBS-090) lethal infection. MVE-2 and CA, respectively a synthetic and a microbial biological response modifier (BRM), are strong inducers and activators of natural resistance effectors, such as natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages and polymorphonuclear cells (PMN). The results showed that MVE-2 protected 100% CD-1 mice from a systemic lethal challenge with GBS-090 (5 x 10(3) microorganisms/mouse) when administered 3 days before infection at dose of 50 mg kg-1. CA treatment, in five doses (CA-5d) over 14 days protected 100% mice when administered at 2 x 10(7) cells/mouse and when the last CA injection was given 1 day before the GBS-090 challenge. Instead, when the GBS-090 challenge was performed by intraperitoneal route, protection was obtained with CA-5d treatment but not with MVE-2. The possibility that MVE-2 or CA stimulated a rapid production of specific antibodies against GBS-090 infection was excluded by the ELISA assay. Evidence exists that NK cells do not play a primary role as effectors in the MVE-2 and CA conferred protection since the strong reduction in NK activity, due to in vivo administration of anti-asialo GM1 antibodies before GBS-090 infection, did not influence the BRM-induced protection. Besides, high NK activity levels, induced by in vivo rhIL-2 administration, did not protect the mice against GBS-090 infection. Both studies on in vivo clearance and in vitro microbicidal activity, showed that, after 1 h, immunopotentiated effectors were unable to kill GBS-090, but were highly effective against GBS type VI. These results seem to indicate that intracellular GBS-090 killing is a slow process requiring more than 1 h. This study demonstrates that it is possible to increase resistance to GBS-090 lethal infection by BRMs, by potentiating the antibody-independent microbicidal activity of the phagocytes.

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“…However, the human immune response to these bacteria has not been characterized by a solid-phase assay for immunoglobulin classes. Several laboratories are actively evaluating group B streptococcal vaccines (5,12,13), ultimately to stimulate maternal IgG antibody for placental transfer.…”

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Immunoglobulin G and M composition of naturally occurring antibody to type III group B streptococci

Anthony¹,

Concepcion²,

Wass³

et al. 1984

Infect Immun

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Human sera were examined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies to purified type III polysaccharide of group B streptococci. The antigen-binding capacity of a reference human serum was determined by a radioimmunoassay, and the total antibody content was determined by quantitative precipitation. The serum was then depleted of IgM and IgA to determine the effect on the antigen-binding capacity. Duplicate samples of 81 sera were tested by the enzyme-linked assay in comparison with reference standard serum. Although levels of IgG antibody were greater in subjects who had carried type III streptococci during pregnancy, concentrations of this antibody were generally low. Only 2 of 28 sera (7%) from parturient subjects and 7 of 25 sera (28%) from adult volunteers contained .1 ,ug of IgG antibody per ml; the mean levels were 0.13 and 0.53 ,ug/ml, respectively. In contrast, 19 of 28 maternal sera (68%) and 22 of 25 (88%) volunteer adult sera contained .1 ,ug/ml of IgM antibody; mean levels were 1.33 and 1.54 ,ug/ml, respectively. The cord serum levels of IgG antibody were almost identical to maternal serum concentrations, whereas IgM antibody was essentially undetected. Immulon 1 Removawell plates (Dynatech Laboratories, Inc., Alexandria, Va.) and incubated at 37°C for 2 h. The wells were then washed three times with PBS containing 0.05% Tween 20 (Fisher Scientific Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.). Human or rabbit serum (100 Rl) diluted in PBS-Tween was added to duplicate wells and incubated at 37°C for 30 min (human and rabbit serum) or at 4°C overnight (human serum only). The IgG fraction of goat anti-human IgG, IgM, or IgA was conjugated with bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase 98

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Type-specific protection of neonatal rats from lethal group B streptococcal infection by immune sera obtained from human volunteers vaccinated with type III-specific polysaccharide

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Quantitation of in vitro opsonic activity of human antibody induced by a vaccine consisting of the type III-specific polysaccharide of group B streptococcus

Quantitation of in vitro opsonic activity of human antibody induced by a vaccine consisting of the type III-specific polysaccharide of group B streptococcus

Antibody-independent protection in mice against type Ia group B streptococcus lethal infection

Immunoglobulin G and M composition of naturally occurring antibody to type III group B streptococci

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