Type-specific neutralization of the human immunodeficiency virus with antibodies to env-encoded synthetic peptides.

Abstract

Type-specific neutralization of the human immunodeficiency virus with antibodies to env-encoded synthetic peptides (

Immunological reactivity of a human immunodeficiency virus type I derived peptide representing a consensus sequence of the GP 120 major neutralizing region V3

“…Deletion of the flanking cysteine residues 296 and 331 results in non infectious mutants. Actually, this region was verified by several laboratories to be the dominant neutralizing epitope on the external glycoprotein of HIV [8,11,21,24,25]. Small peptides are sufficient to induce neutralizing antibodies [7,13,14,23].…”

“…To analyse the isolate-or group-specificity of V3-C36 we tested the reactivity of HIV-1 typespecific sera [24] with the peptide. These sera were raised in goats with peptides representing the central region of the V3 domain (aa 301-321) of strains IIIB, MN, and RF coupled to tetanus toxoid: V3-IIIB, V3-RF and V3-MN specific peptide antisera recognized V3-C36 in ELISA.…”

“…Further shortening of the peptide to 10 (V3-C10) or 8 amino acids (V3-C8) drastically reduced the recognition by serum B. To confirm the cross a End point titers of V3-type-specific antisera [24] b End point titer of an antiserum against a 12-mer consensus peptide [21] ° End point titer of a murine V3-IIIB monoclonal antibody (Du Pont Nea 9301) a End point titers of antisera raised in rabbits against the V3-C36 peptide reactivity of serum B with V3-IIIB derived peptides in ELISA, three different peptides shortened asymmetrically from the COOH-terminus were used (Table2). A 16-mer V3-IIIB peptide (V3-IIIB16) was recognized from serum dilutions up to 3.2 x 10 -3, thus showing a comparable reactivity with serum B as the corresponding V3-C16 peptide.…”

Multibranched V3 peptides inhibit human immunodeficiency virus infection in human lymphocytes and macrophages

“…The V3 loop of HIV-1 is considered to be an important determinant in the fusion process between HIV-1 and its target cells (14). Since V3 is a hypervariable region showing a high degree of diversity among HIV-1 isolates (19), neutralizing anti-V3 antibodies are generally type specific and, in the best case, may neutralize only closely related isolates (4,15,18,32). Because V3-derived *11 99.,... SPCs are targeted to cellular and not viral determinants, they may bypass the problems inherent in envelope variability.…”

Mass Spectrometric Characterization of a Discontinuous Epitope of the HIV Envelope Protein HIV-gp120 Recognized by the Human Monoclonal Antibody 1331A

“…Considerable attention has been paid to Abs specific to the third variable loop of HIV-gp120, which contains the so-called "principle neutralizing domain" (7,8), and to the CD4 binding region. Many of these Abs have high affinity and potent neutralizing abilities for laboratory adapted strains; however, they often lack neutralizing abilities for primary isolates.…”