Type-Specific Immune Response to Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) Type I and Type II Infections in Nigeria

Olaleye, David O.; Bernstein, Leslie; Sheng, Zhijuan; Ekweozor, C. C.; Li, Xiuyan; Sullivan‐Halley, Jane; Rasheed, Suraiya

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1994.50.479

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…This was probably due to the higher number of the participants that are less 30 years of age. This agrees with the previous finding by Olaleye et al [13] who also reported a higher prevalence of HTLV I/II among individuals in their third decade of life [10]. There was also no significant association between the sero-prevalence of HTLV I/II and the level of education of the participants, but a higher percentage of positivity was found among those with secondary school education (3.7% vs. 2.9%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The observed seroprevalence rate of HTLV I and II from our study was 3.2%. This result is lower than the 5.6% previously reported by Olaleye et al [13] involving over four thousand participants recruited from different parts of the country [13]. Our finding is however similar to that of Terry et al [18] who reported a prevalence rate of 3.6% among 372 blood donors in another Southwestern State, Osun State, Nigeria [18].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…Currently, routine screening of blood donors for HTLV I/II is not practiced in Nigeria. Different studies carried out in Nigeria showed varied prevalence rates for HTLV I among blood donors in Nigeria [11][12][13][14][15][16]. Prevalence rates among blood donors in in Lagos ranged from 0.7% in Lagos [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seroprevalence of Human T-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia Virus Type-1 (HTLV-1) Antibodies among Blood Donors at Ibadan, Nigeria

Yuguda¹

2017

JHVRV

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Background: Blood transfusion is an efficient mode of transmission of viruses and other infectious agents. Although human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) screening of blood donors is already routinely performed in developed countries, there is no routine screening of blood donors in our environment. As HTLV I and II are human retroviruses and are endemic in sub-Saharan African, including Nigeria, there is need to evaluate the burden of HTLV among blood donors in developing countries.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

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Seroprevalence of Human T-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia Virus Type-1 (HTLV-1) Antibodies among Blood Donors at Ibadan, Nigeria

Yuguda¹

2017

JHVRV

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“…Of the three HTLV-1 cases, one man was from Peru, an endemic country for this infection and two were IDUs [Libonatti et al, 1989]. Use of illegal drugs by these patients, especially when injected, were associated with HTLV-1 infection (data not shown) such as previously reported in Nigeria and Peru [Olaleye et al, 1994;Zurita et al, 1997]. The only HTLV-2 patient had a history of a previous blood transfusion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

HTLV‐1/2 among high‐risk groups in Argentina: Molecular diagnosis and prevalence of different sexual transmitted infections

Berini

Pando

Bautista

et al. 2007

Journal of Medical Virology

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The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence and characterize the epidemiologic patterns of HTLV-1/2 infections and co-infections with HIV, HBV (hepatitis B), HCV (hepatitis C), and Treponema Pallidum in five different high-risk groups, including injecting drug users (IDUs), female sex workers (FSWs), men who have sex with men (MSM), patients with tuberculosis (TB), and patients attending clinics for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The HTLV-1/2 prevalence was 19.1% (33/173) for IDUs, 2.0% (10/613) for FSWs, 2.1% (4/187) for TB, 1.0% (4/400) for STIs and 0.4% (3/282) for MSM, respectively. Among all groups, the higher percentages of co-infection were HTLV-1/HBV (63%, 17/27) and HTLV-1/HCV (52%, 14/27). Among IDUs, there was a high percentage of co-infection of HTLV-2 with HCV (96.3%, 26/27), HIV (92.6%, 25/27), and HBV (77.8%, 21/27), respectively. In summary, HTLV-1/2 infections appear to be widely distributed among high-risk groups in a nonendemic area of Argentina being the co-infection with HBV and HCV more frequent among IDUs.

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“…It was of 1.2% in Gambia (Del Mistro et al, 1994) and ranged from 0.2 to 1.2% in Senegal (Hunsmann et al, 1984). It was of 1% in Burkina-Faso (Collenberg et al, 2006) and ranged from 1 to 1.6% in Liberia, Togo and Benin (Hunsmann et al, 1984; Dumas et al, 1991; Verdier et al, 1994; Houinato et al, 1996), and from 1 to 2.7% in Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana according to the type of studies (Ouattara et al, 1989; Verdier et al, 1989, 1994; Biggar et al, 1993; Goubau et al, 1993; Armah et al, 2006) and reached 5.5% in Nigeria (Olaleye et al, 1994, 1995). The estimates of the number of HTLV-1 infected persons in most of the West African countries are given in Table 2.…”

Section: Htlv-1 Worldwide Distribution and Prevalence Estimates By Gementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Aspects and World Distribution of HTLV-1 Infection

Gessain¹,

Cassar²

2012

Front. Microbio.

1,138

1,152

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The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), identified as the first human oncogenic retrovirus 30 years ago, is not an ubiquitous virus. HTLV-1 is present throughout the world, with clusters of high endemicity located often nearby areas where the virus is nearly absent. The main HTLV-1 highly endemic regions are the Southwestern part of Japan, sub-Saharan Africa and South America, the Caribbean area, and foci in Middle East and Australo-Melanesia. The origin of this puzzling geographical or rather ethnic repartition is probably linked to a founder effect in some groups with the persistence of a high viral transmission rate. Despite different socio-economic and cultural environments, the HTLV-1 prevalence increases gradually with age, especially among women in all highly endemic areas. The three modes of HTLV-1 transmission are mother to child, sexual transmission, and transmission with contaminated blood products. Twenty years ago, de Thé and Bomford estimated the total number of HTLV-1 carriers to be 10–20 millions people. At that time, large regions had not been investigated, few population-based studies were available and the assays used for HTLV-1 serology were not enough specific. Despite the fact that there is still a lot of data lacking in large areas of the world and that most of the HTLV-1 studies concern only blood donors, pregnant women, or different selected patients or high-risk groups, we shall try based on the most recent data, to revisit the world distribution and the estimates of the number of HTLV-1 infected persons. Our best estimates range from 5–10 millions HTLV-1 infected individuals. However, these results were based on only approximately 1.5 billion of individuals originating from known HTLV-1 endemic areas with reliable available epidemiological data. Correct estimates in other highly populated regions, such as China, India, the Maghreb, and East Africa, is currently not possible, thus, the current number of HTLV-1 carriers is very probably much higher.

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Type-Specific Immune Response to Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) Type I and Type II Infections in Nigeria

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Seroprevalence of Human T-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia Virus Type-1 (HTLV-1) Antibodies among Blood Donors at Ibadan, Nigeria

Seroprevalence of Human T-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia Virus Type-1 (HTLV-1) Antibodies among Blood Donors at Ibadan, Nigeria

HTLV‐1/2 among high‐risk groups in Argentina: Molecular diagnosis and prevalence of different sexual transmitted infections

Epidemiological Aspects and World Distribution of HTLV-1 Infection

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