Type IV Pili-Dependent Motility as a Tool to Determine the Activity of c-di-GMP Modulating Enzymes in Myxococcus xanthus

Skotnicka, Dorota; Søgaard‐Andersen, Lotte

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-7240-1_13

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In previous studies, several groups used proE for heterogenous complementation, which could rescue the c-di-GMP dependent phenotypes (Malone et al, 2010(Malone et al, , 2012Davis et al, 2013;Skotnicka et al, 2016a,b;Schmid et al, 2017;Skotnicka and Sogaard-Andersen, 2017;Berne et al, 2018;Laventie et al, 2019), suggesting its PDE activity in vivo. However, the enzyme properties of ProE have not yet been characterized in detail.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Exopolysaccharide Production by ProE, a Cyclic-Di-GMP Phosphodiesterase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1

et al. 2020

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The ubiquitous second messenger c-di-GMP is involved in regulation of multiple biological functions including the important extracellular matrix exopolysaccharides (EPS). But how c-di-GMP metabolic proteins influence EPS and their enzymatic properties are not fully understood. Here we showed that deletion of proE, which encodes a protein with GGDEF-EAL hybrid domains, significantly increased the transcriptional expression of the genes encoding EPS production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and changed the bacterial colony morphology. Our data showed that ProE is a very active phosphodiesterase (PDE), with a high enzyme activity in degradation of c-di-GMP. Interestingly, the optimal activity of ProE was found in the presence of Co 2+ , unlike other PDEs that commonly rely on Mg 2+ or Mn 2+ for best performance. Furthermore, we identified three widely conserved novel residues that are critical for the function of ProE through site-directed mutagenesis. Subsequent study showed that ProE, together with other three key PDEs, i.e., RbdA, BifA, and DipA regulate the EPS production in P. aeruginosa PAO1. Moreover, by using the GFPfusion approach, we observed that these four EPS associated-PDEs showed a polar localization pattern in general. Taken together, our data unveil the molecular mechanisms of ProE in regulation of EPS production, and provide a new insight on its enzymatic properties in degradation of c-di-GMP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Exopolysaccharide Production by ProE, a Cyclic-Di-GMP Phosphodiesterase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1

et al. 2020

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“…On the other hand, S-motility is driven by type-IV pili, which pull the cells forward by extending, attaching to surfaces (or other cells), and then retracting ( Chang et al, 2016 ). In M. xanthus , this is a collective movement where the cells must be in contact with each other, allowing them to coordinate the swarm’s movement ( Skotnicka and Søgaard-Andersen, 2017 ).…”

Section: Motility Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myxococcus xanthus predation: an updated overview

Contreras-Moreno,

Pérez,

Muñoz-Dorado

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Bacterial predators are widely distributed across a variety of natural environments. Understanding predatory interactions is of great importance since they play a defining role in shaping microbial communities in habitats such as soils. Myxococcus xanthus is a soil-dwelling bacterial predator that can prey on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and even on eukaryotic microorganisms. This model organism has been studied for many decades for its unusual lifecycle, characterized by the formation of multicellular fruiting bodies filled with myxospores. However, less is known about its predatory behavior despite being an integral part of its lifecycle. Predation in M. xanthus is a multifactorial process that involves several mechanisms working synergistically, including motility systems to efficiently track and hunt prey, and a combination of short-range and contact-dependent mechanisms to achieve prey death and feed on them. In the short-range attack, M. xanthus is best known for the collective production of secondary metabolites and hydrolytic enzymes to kill prey and degrade cellular components. On the other hand, contact-dependent killing is a cell-to-cell process that relies on Tad-like and type III secretion systems. Furthermore, recent research has revealed that metals also play an important role during predation, either by inducing oxidative stress in the prey, or by competing for essential metals. In this paper, we review the current knowledge about M. xanthus predation, focusing on the different mechanisms used to hunt, kill, and feed on its prey, considering the most recent discoveries and the transcriptomic data available.

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Type IV Pili-Dependent Motility as a Tool to Determine the Activity of c-di-GMP Modulating Enzymes in Myxococcus xanthus

Cited by 2 publications

References 17 publications

Regulation of Exopolysaccharide Production by ProE, a Cyclic-Di-GMP Phosphodiesterase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1

Regulation of Exopolysaccharide Production by ProE, a Cyclic-Di-GMP Phosphodiesterase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1

Myxococcus xanthus predation: an updated overview

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