Type IV laryngotracheoesophageal clefts: Surgical management for long-term survival

Type IV laryngotracheoesophageal cleft: Report of long-term survivor successfully decannulated

“…As noted in our patient, microgastria is associated with Type IV LTEC. Literature review reveals a rate of microgastria as high as 100% [5,7]. Additionally, laryngeal clefts are seen in syndromes such as Opitz Frias, Pallister Hall, CHARGE and VACTERL [5,8].…”

Strategies for managing Type IV laryngotracheoesophageal clefts at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children

“…It is possible to carry out the entire surgery in some cases using an anterior cervical approach with just a cervical incision [18]. Simpson et al have explained that due to the foreshortened trachea in these cases they found it possible to access the entire neonatal trachea through a cervical incision and a mini-sternotomy was only occasionally required [19]. CPB is significantly more invasive than ECMO as it generally requires cannulation of the aorta as well as the right atrium with relatively large catheters which can obscure the surgical field [20,21].…”

Management and long-term follow-up of patients with types III and IV laryngotracheoesophageal clefts

“…Five of these patients are currently alive. We have previously reported the diagnostic workup, evolving operative technique, and careful postoperative management necessary to get these patients through their initial operative repair [1][2][3][4]. This study examines the long-term complications and management strategies that improve the outcomes for survivors.…”